Chapter 11 Flashcards
Cohesiveness
All forces acting on group members to cause them to remain part of a group, including mutual attraction, interdependence, and shared goals
Competition
A form of social interaction in which individuals or groups attempt to maximize their own outcomes, often at the expense of others
Compliance
Doing or saying what others say or do
Conformity
A form of social influence in which individuals change their attitudes or/and behavior to adhere to existing social norms
Cooperation
A form of social interaction in which individuals or groups coordinate their behavior to reach a shared goal
Embeddedness
The degree to which individuals and groups are enmeshed together
Group
Two or more individuals forming a complete unit in a composition
Group Polarization
The tendency of group members to shift, as a result of group discussion, toward more extreme positions than those they initially held
Groupthink
The tendency of members of groups to adhere to the shared views so strongly that they ignore information inconsistent with those views
Identification
The process wherein the individual so strongly feels that he or she is a member of a group that he or she adopts its opinions, attitudes, and values
Leadership
The process through which some individuals (leaders) influence other group members toward the attainment of a specific group goal or activity
Norms
Rules within a group indicating how its members should (or should not) behave
Obedience
A form of social influence in which one person simply orders one or more people to perform some action(s).
Power
The capacity or ability of an individual to exercise control and/or authority
Roles
The sets of behaviors that individuals occupying specific positions within a group are expected to perform
Sanctions
Actions that reward those who follow the norms (positive sanctions) and reprove those who are deviant (negative sanctions).
Social Facilitation
Effects on performance resulting from the presence of others
Social Influence
Efforts on the part of one person to alter the behavior or attitudes of one or more people
Social Loafing
The tendency of some group members to exert less effort on a task than they would if working alone
Status
Relative social (formal or informal) position or rank within a group
