Chapter 11

Question 1

Communication

Answer 1

must communicate with other users by

• indicator
• brake lights
• horn
• headlights
• hand and arm gestures

Question 2

Indicators

Answer 2

-most important means of signal
use them when:
-driving away
-overtaking
-merging and exiting
-changing lanes
-getting in lane and turning left or right

Question 3

When to indicate

Answer 3

• on trunk roads an motorways - 300 meters before deceleration lane
• roads outside built up areas or on 70km/h roads in built up area at about 200 meters before junction… if there is a deceleration lane or a space marked for traffic turning left/right about 150 meters is sufficient
• on roads in built up area (50km/h) at about 100 m before junction. If an exit slip road or space market for traffic turning left/right about 50 meters is good
• residential streets about 50 meters will be sufficient.

don’t drive past side roads with indicator on though…

Question 4

Brake lights

Answer 4

use them to alert vehicles behind you that you intend to stop

-touch lightly before actually brake

Question 5

Sound or light signals

Answer 5

avert threatening danger.

-you may use light signal to alet an overtaking lorry or bus that it may move into the right lane

Question 6

Hazards - when to put on

Answer 6

use when

• have stopped in a place where others can’t see you
• held up by a queue
• being towed

Question 7

Hazards - what to expect when see

Answer 7

• vehicle has broken down
• vehicle which has been parked dangerously
• traffic build up
• vehicle being towed

Question 8

Yellow hazard warning lights: what to expect when see

Answer 8

• approaching slowly moving transport from behind
• approaching an extremely wide vehicle
• approaching dangerous situation caused by a clear-up operation or traffic accident

Question 9

Driving with lights on

Answer 9

Every car has around 40 lamps..
-most imp are headlamps - they are your eyes at night

-60% vehicle accidents involve vehicles with insufficient light

Question 10

Types of headlights

Answer 10

• full beam headlights
• dipped headlights
• fog lamp
• parking lights

Question 11

Dipped headlights

Answer 11

improves visibility, esp in bad weather

• if see others with them on, can anticipate what your’e getting into (fog or rain ahead).
• must use these as night and dusk but also if poor weather conditions

Question 12

Daytime running lamp

Answer 12

mandatory on all new passenger cars as of 2011

• Used to alert others of your presence
• switched on automatically when car is on
• Not allowed to have daytime lights switched on if using dipped lights, headlights, fog light, spot light or floodlights being used
• usually when turn on any of said lights, daytime lights will automatically switch off

Question 13

Main beam

Answer 13

-use at night if dipped are insufficient to get a good view of the road, and you’re not inconveniencing others

main beam is not allowed if:

• daytime
• approach another user (including pedestrian)
• following another vehicle (including bicycle and moped) at a short distance

Question 14

Dipping

Answer 14

if you use your main beam you will stun oncoming vehicles. They will flash their lights to tell you

• Dip right away
• Blue warning on dashboard tell you if this is on

Question 15

Low sun

Answer 15

May need to use lights if sun is low

• if sun is behind you, oncoming traffic will have difficulty seeing you
• dipped headlights allow for them to see you more easily

Question 16

Being dazzled - stunned

Answer 16

occurs if

• oncoming traffic dips too late
• dipped headlights of oncoming traffic are too high
• low sun
• light on dirty windows

Reaction should be

• reduce speed
• stop if necessary

Question 17

Flashing signal

Answer 17

may flash your headlights if main beam is too strong.

-if don’t bring it down, look to right of road to avoid

Question 18

Pedestrian on roadway

Answer 18

Be extra watchful of pedestrians in the dark

-never stay too much on right

Question 19

From light to dark

Answer 19

Dangerous when go from well lit area to dark area, because eyes need to get used to it and obstacles and cyclists are hard to see

Question 20

Reflection

Answer 20

In the dark, rain and a wet road surface, your headlights are reflected

• Road lines and marking can dissolve into this light
• adjust speed and avoid puddles and don’t rely on senses
• Reducing speed will allow you to brake more efficiently, and give more time to take in the poorly visible lines and markings on the road
• marker posts and lines by the side of the road are good landmarks. This coupled with a slow speed will allow safety.

Question 21

Town center

Answer 21

If in environment with a lot of lights, you:

• will not see traffic lights in time
• notice traffic signs too late
• have problems distinguishing pedestrians and cyclists

Question 22

Speed bumps

Answer 22

In the dark and with even your lights working well, you see things a split second later than normally. ex. speed bumps

Question 23

Distance and speed

Answer 23

distance to oncoming vehicles and the speed with which they approach are difficult to judge, even in the daytime and when the weather is fine