Chapter 11

Question 1

In what ways was war in 1914 a popular decision?

Answer 1

Strike activity ceased and extremists were imprisoned for their lack of patriotism

Question 2

How was national solidarity dampened?

Answer 2

Battle of Tannenburg which left 300,000 dead or wounded in August 1914

Question 3

What was the impact of the Battle of Tannenburg?

Answer 3

Military incompetence inflamed the simmering discontent in the Russian capital

Question 4

How did the Tsarist government attempt to organise the war effort?

Answer 4

Military zones in which all civilian authority was suspended

Question 5

The prohibiton of what item sparked outrage amongst Russians?

Answer 5

Vodka

Question 6

How did the zemstva provide aid?

Answer 6

They established a ‘Union of Zemstva’ to provide medical facilities neglected by the state

Question 7

What political group claimed to help the Tsarist war effort?

Answer 7

The All-Russian Union of Zemstva and Cities (Zemgor)

Question 8

What did the ‘progressive bloc’ demand?

Answer 8

They demanded that the Tsar should change his ministers and provide a ‘government of public confidence’

Question 9

How did Nicholas II handle political opposition from his government?

Answer 9

He suspended the Dumas in September 1917, even though unauthorised meetings still happened

Question 10

How did Nicholas II lose the military confidence of the country?

Answer 10

Defeats in Galicia led him to becoming commander-in-chief even though he did not have strong military experience

Question 11

When and where was Rasputin murdered?

Answer 11

The Yusupov Palace on 17th December 1916

Question 12

Was Nicholas II aware of political and military discontent?

Answer 12

Not really - ‘this will all pass and quieten down’

Question 13

How many peasants were moblised in the military?

Answer 13

15 million

Question 14

How was the army unable to provide for its soldiers?

Answer 14

No suitable weaponry, lacked basic warm clothing as well as footwear

Question 15

What was the Brusilov offensive?

Answer 15

A Russian attempt to push westwards from the Ukraine to Hungrarian lines

Question 16

How many deserters were there by the end of 1916?

Answer 16

1.5 million

Question 17

How did spending on the war change from 1914 to 1918?

Answer 17

From 1,500 million roubles to 14,500 million roubles

Question 18

What were the economic problems within the Empire?

Answer 18

Rural and industrial workforce was affected, production slumped, and parts of the Empire were taken over by Germans

Question 19

How did some people thrive during the war?

Answer 19

Those with horses or surplus grain supplied the military

Question 20

How was life hard for rural people?

Answer 20

Prices offered by the government was low, tools and equipment were in short supply and it was hard to find household essentials

Question 21

What was the rise in the cost of living in towns?

Answer 21

300%

Question 22

How many workers went on strike in January 1917?

Answer 22

30,000 in Moscow and 145,000 in Petrograd

Question 23

How many workers were locked out of the Putilov Iron Works 22 February 1917?

Answer 23

20,000

Question 24

What global celebration occured on 23rd February 1917?

Answer 24

International Women’s Day

Question 25

How many workers were in the streets on February 23rd?

Answer 25

240,000

Question 26

How many soldiers joined the protestors on February 27th?

Answer 26

66,000 soldiers mutiny, supplying over 40,000 guns

Question 27

What did the ‘Order No. 1’ promise for soldiers?

Answer 27

To be able to elect a deputy to the Soviet, all weapons to be elected by committee, no honorific titles for officers

Question 28

On what day did Nicholas II officially abdicate?

Answer 28

March 2nd

Question 29

Where did the members of the Provisional Government stem from?

Answer 29

Liberals, moderate socialists and kadets

Question 30

Why was the Provisional Government considered legitimate?

Answer 30

It was approved by the old Tsarist civil service, army officers and the police

Question 31

What did the Petrograd Soviet consist of?

Answer 31

Mensheviks, Social Revolutionaries and some Bolsheviks

Question 32

Where did the Petrograd Soviet and the Provisional Government compromise?

Answer 32

General amnesty for political prisoners, basic civil liberties, abolition of legal disabilities, right to strike and a Constituent Assembly

Question 33

Where was the Dual Power divided?

Answer 33

Provisional Government tried to discipline deserters while Petrogard Soviet encouraged them

Question 34

How many peasant disturbances were there in July 1917?

Answer 34

325

Question 35

How many desertions were there from March to May 1917?

Answer 35

Over 365,000

Question 36

Who replaced Milyukov and Guchkov as Minister of Agriculture and War?

Answer 36

Viktor Chernev and Alexander Kerensky

Question 37

Who later replaced Prince Lvov as Chairman?

Answer 37

Alexander Kerensky

Question 38

What was the Kornilov coup?

Answer 38

General Kornilov sent six troops in August to march on Petrograd and presumably crush the Soviet

Question 39

What was the result of the Kornilov coup?

Answer 39

His supply lines were cut and the coup leaders arrested

Question 40

How much had prices changed in 1917?

Answer 40

They were 300% of 1914 in January 1917, and 755% of that in October 1917

Question 41

Who benefited most from the chaos and disillusionment?

Answer 41

Bolsheviks