Chapter 10.2 Flashcards
- State the rationale for using inhaled glucocorticoids in the management of airway inflammation.
They are the most powerful anti-inflammatory steroids
- List some of the primary problems with the use of glucocorticoids
general catabolic effects like muscle wasting and osteoporosis. Oral administration is dangerous due to side effects
- State the rationale for the use of inhalers combining glucocorticoids with long-acting beta-agonists.
convenient, can be given by MDI and very useful for COPD and asthma
- state the mechanism of action of the cromones in the management of respiratory disorders
prevents release of histamine and other inflammatory mediators from pulmonary mast cells.
- State the rationale for the timing of administration of the cromones in the management of inflammatory respiratory disorders.
If taken before exposure it can prevent asthma attack
- State the mechanisms of action of the leukotriene modifiers in the management of respiratory disorders.
mediate inflammatory response and play a role in airway inflammation.
- State the rationale for using supplemental oxygen.
When our lungs can’t distribute enough oxygen into bloodstream
- State the typical oxygen saturation for COPD patients and most other patients with respiratory disorders.
COPD: 88-92%
Other patients: 94-98%
- List the benefits of supplemental oxygen.
exercise tolerance, low morbidity due to better oxygenation of tissues and most importantly, improved quality of life
- List the risks of supplemental oxygen.
Fire, dry nose and nose bleeds, occlusion and oxygen toxicity
- State the mechanism of oxygen toxicity.
Oxygen free radicals damage membranes, proteins and DNA in various cells
- State the rationale for using surfactants and nitric oxide in neonates.
Surfactant: At birth because it decreases chance of lungs to collapse
NO provides better profusion
- nicotine patches, nicotine gum, E-cigarettes MOA
nicotine replacements
bupropion MOA
prolongs effects of dopamine in brain and may decrease nicotine cravings
varenicline MOA
partial agonist at nicotine receptors
- beclomethasone and fluticasone MOA
are inhaled glucocorticoids
salmeterol MOA
is a beta 2 bronchodilator
cromolyn MOA
is a cromone
zileuton and montelukast MOA
are leukotriene receptor blockers
bupropion MOA
prolongs effects of dopamine in brain and may decrease nicotine cravings
- List the special concerns for physical therapists managing patients treated for respiratory disease.
Therapists must be aware of which patients are prone to bronchospastic attacks during exercise
Rehabilitation specialists often play a critical role in preventing pulmonary mucus accumulation
Cardiac side effects of beta adrenergic agonists and xanthine drugs.
