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PSYC 380-Positive Psychology > Chapter 10: Religion, Spirituality, and Well-Being > Flashcards

Chapter 10: Religion, Spirituality, and Well-Being Flashcards

(67 cards)

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1
Q

The _ for meaning decreases happiness.

A

Search

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2
Q

What is spirituality?

A

A personal search for the sacred in life

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3
Q

What is religion?

A

A search grounded in institutional forms

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4
Q

What is the similarity between spirituality and religion?

A

Greater than oneself

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5
Q

What did Park say could make life meaningful? (3)LDA

A

Feeling connected to something larger than oneself
Search for greater depth and significance in ones XP
Adapting to life events that challenge ones sense of meaning

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6
Q

What is a prosocial way to create meaning?

A

Be of service to self or others

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7
Q

What is prosocial behaviour/altruism?

A

Any action performed to help others, on an individual or group level

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8
Q

What are the types of altruism? Describe

A

Pure: Desire to help, empathy and compassion as motivation
Egoistic: Expectation of personal or group benefit

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9
Q

What are the two routes to helping and their steps?

A

1: View anothers distress>Feel Distress>Egoistic motivation to help to reduce my stress>Possibly help to reduce my stress
2: View distress>Feel empathy>altrustic motivation>Help to reduce their stress

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10
Q

What is the 5 step model of helping by Latane and Darley?

A

Notice
Interpret
Responsibility
Knowledge
Implement

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11
Q

How can we cultivate altruism? (3)

A

Reward prosocial with praise, smiles, hugs
Behave pro socially to model
Model and reward our own prosocial behaviours

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12
Q

Pointing out _ and getting kids involved in volunteering _ helps prosocial behaviours in future.

A

Similarities
Earlier

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13
Q

Creativity is a way to create _.

A

Meaning

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14
Q

Scientific, artistic, musical, knowledge _ all help give purpose and lead to _-discovery.

A

creativity
Self-discovery

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15
Q

If we live life as _ and as _ as possible, or actively participate and engage, we have more _.

A

fully
Deeply
meaning

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16
Q

Suffering stimulates… because people fix themselves

A

Growth

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17
Q

Religious experiences that are profound can help create _.

A

Meaning

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18
Q

Religion and spirituality are _ too.

A

Emotional

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19
Q

What are at the heart of spiritual experiences?

A

emotional experiences that deepen faith through feelings and expression

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20
Q

Gratitude and appreciation can be _ and can either be called an _ or an _.

A

Grown
Emotion
Attitude

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21
Q

Gratitude has been correlated with _ emotions, v_, o_, h_, life s_, less concern with m_, greater s_.

A

Positive
Vitality
Optimism
Hope
Satisfaction
Material
Spirituality

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22
Q

What are four ways to practice gratitude?

A

Journaling
Counting blessings
Benefit finding
Sharing gratitude

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23
Q

What is Naikan? What are its questions?

A

Japanese meditation daily on three questions
What recieve
What Give
What troubles and difficulties did I cause to others

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24
Q

What is appreciation?

A

Awe and gratitude combined

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25
What were three things people who were most appreciative felt?
Positive emotions Life satisfaction Fewer negative emotions
26
Without forgiveness, what are the consequences?
Anger and resentment, increased hostility, physical health effects
27
What age and gender forgive more easily?
Adults and women
28
What are the four stages of forgiveness? Describe.UDWD
Uncovering (Bad for me) Decision (Choice to forgive) Work (Why hurt, tell them) Deepening (Stay forgive, sense of meaning)
29
Is forgiveness an intra or interpersonal process?
Both! Say it but also forgive self, take responsibility for our behaviour, let go of self-absorbtion/criticism
30
What is the REACH model by Everett Worthington?
Recall hurt Empathize Altruistically give forgiveness Commit to Verbally forgive Hold onto forgiveness
31
What makes forgiveness more likely? (3)
Transgressor accepts responsibility Transgressor apologizes Transgressor attempts to make things right
32
What are the four stages of Jacinto and Edwards Therapeutic Stages of Forgiveness? Describe.RRER
Recognition: Aware of issue Responsibility: Own up Expression: Discuss emotions Recreating: Create New self image
33
What are compassion and Empathy?
Ability to connect deeply with others and recognize others' suffering
34
Compassion and empathy help build positive _.
Relationships
35
What is self-compassion?
Being kind towards one's self
36
Self-_ works better than self-criticism.
compassion
37
Women who are more self-compassionate have _ luck with diets.
Better
38
What is loving-kindness (Metta)?
a benevolent goodwill, a boundless kind of love that is directed towards all living beings without distinction, separation or prejudice.
39
What is humility? What are three things it does? AOA
Humble Acknowledge mistakes Open to other opinions and ideas Appreciate the many ways people contribute to the world
40
What are transcendent experiences?
Religious or spiritual experiences that are often dramatic and leave people feeling like they have entered a higher state of consciousness.
41
What percentage of americans report having religious or spiritual awakenings?
49%
42
What are elation and awe?
Positive emotions that seem to come with religious experiences or transcendent experiences
43
What are the 6 conditions that favour awe?RSS FBU
Time for reflection Slow down Savour moment Focus on what one loves Big picture Ability to trust in unknowable
44
What is wonder?
Opening of the heart to joy, gratitude, and love
45
Wonder is closely related to _.
Awe
46
Wonder is linked to the qualities of... (3)
Imagination, surprise, aesthetics
47
Experiences of wonder can be split into what three types?
Physical, personal, metaphysical
48
What are peak experiences?
Brief moments of intense experience
49
Elements of peak-experiences could happen...
Everyday
50
Transcendent experiences could happen...
higher state of consciousness sometimes
51
What is resacralization?
Restoring a sense of sacred to the ordinary.
52
What are numinous experiences?
See god, transcendant being is real
53
When do numinous experiences happen?
Only when you see god... so rarely
54
Children may have more _ experiences.
Numinous
55
What is transpersonal psychology?
Daily experiences of liberation or enlightenment
56
What is mysticism?
Diverges in fundamental ways from our ordinary reality
57
Wha are the four shared features of mysticism?
Experience is indescribable Profound knowledge revealed Beyond understanding space and time Sense of unity with world
58
What is extrinsic religiosity? Which rewards?
People use their religion as a path to egoistic ends. Social practical rewards, correlated with prejudice
59
What is intrinsic religiosity?
Practices are founded on personal and authentic motivations.
60
What is religion as a quest?
Faith about philosophical and spiritual questions
61
What are the two basic styles of meditation?
Vipissana/insight/receptive meditation, open monitor Concentrative/one-pointed meditation
62
What is neurotheology?
Brain activity recorded during meditation.
63
There are _ brain patterns in meditation.
Recognizable
64
Where does the brain activate during meditations?
Cortical, brain areas connected to the self
65
What are entheogens and religious experiences?
Substances used to foster religious experiences.
66
What is the main entheogen>
Psilocybin
67
Mind-altering drugs offer help for...
PTSD, alcoholism, depression

PSYC 380-Positive Psychology (9 decks)

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