Chapter 10 - Properties Of Gases Flashcards
Gas
A substance that has no well-defines boundaries but diffusés rapidly to fill any container in which it is placed
Which diffusés quicker between ammonia and hydrogen chloride
Lighter ammonia molecules diffuse quicker than heavier hydrogen chloride molecules
Properties of Gases
No fixed volume - take volume of container
Volume depends on temperature and pressure
Temperature
Measure of the degree of hotness of an object
0°C is equal to
273K
Pressure of a gas
The force the gas exerts on a unit area
Newtons per metre squared or pascals
1kPa is equal to
1000 Pa
Normal atmospheric pressure
100kPa
100,000 Pa
1 litre is equal to
1000cm^3
Standard Temperature
273K
0°C ~ freezing point
Standard pressure
100,000 Pa
100 kPa
Boyle’s Law
At constant temperature, the volume of a fixed mass of gas is inversely proportional to its pressure
pV=k
Charles’ Law
At constant pressure, the volume of a fixed mass of gas is directly proportional to its temperature measured on the Kelvin Scale
k = V/T
Combined Gas Law
p1V1 = p2V2
–––– –––––
T1 T2
- Convert to Kelvin
- Consistent units
Gay-Lussac’s Law of Combining Volumes
In a reaction between gases,
The ratio between the volumes of the reactant gases
and the gaseous products
can be expressed in simple whole numbers
Provided the volumes are measured at the same temperature and pressure