Chapter 10: Person-Situation Interactions Aspects of Personality

Question 1

Chumpship

Answer 1

the role that peers play in the formation of identity

Question 2

Illusion of Individuality

Answer 2

the idea that a person has a single, fixed personality

Question 3

Personology

Answer 3

the study of individual lives and the factors that influence them

Question 4

Systems

Answer 4

dynamic influence on lives

Question 5

Need

Answer 5

internal directional force, determines intensity, direction, and type of behaviour

Question 6

Environmental Press

Answer 6

impact/pressure of the situation on behaviour

Question 7

Thema

Answer 7

combination of needs and presses

Question 8

Easy Tasks

Answer 8

when people low in achievement choose easy tasks its because they know they can accomplish them

Question 9

Difficult Tasks

Answer 9

when people low in achievement choose very difficult tasks, and fail, its not their fault because ‘who could have possibly achieved that?!”

Question 10

Intimacy vs. Affiliation

Answer 10

Intimacy is about the characteristics of the relationships while Affiliation is more about keeping up the relationships

Question 11

Behaviour - Self-determined actions

Answer 11

done because they are internally rewarding (intrinsic)

Question 12

Behaviour - Controlled actions

Answer 12

done to obtain a reward (extrinsic)

Question 13

Needs - Autonomy

Answer 13

Freedom to make choices in your life

Question 14

Needs - Competence

Answer 14

develop and use skills effectively

Question 15

Needs - Relatedness

Answer 15

Feeling connected to others

Question 16

Motivational Focus

Answer 16

generally motivated by both intrinsic and extrinsic - but sometimes focused on one in particular

Question 17

Autonomous Orientation

Answer 17

focused on intrinsic motivations

Question 18

Controlled Orientation

Answer 18

focused on extrinsic motivations

Question 19

Impersonal Orientation

Answer 19

unmotivated by both intrinsic and extrinsic motivators

Question 20

Michel’s theory - self-regulation

Answer 20

the ability to delay gratification is correlated with success and better physical and mental health

Question 21

Component of style - Competencies

Answer 21

your skills are going to affect how your perceive the situation

Question 22

Component of style - Encoding strategies

Answer 22

knowledge base is how we evaluate situations and will affect how we see situations

Question 23

Component of style - Expectancies

Answer 23

your expectations about the outcomes of a situation

Question 24

Component of style - plans

Answer 24

your goals/strategies to achieve those goals

Question 25

Behavioural signature

Answer 25

the situation-behaviour relationship that are typical of an individual

Question 26

Situational Factors - Aggregation

Answer 26

examine a behaviour across situations

Question 27

Situational Factors - Mirror Neurons

Answer 27

the influence of others in the situation, allows you to blend in by imitating the behaviour of others

Question 28

Situational Factors - Social Roles

Answer 28

sometimes roles are constrained, some people are more influenced

Question 29

Situational Factors - Field Dependence/Independence

Answer 29

field dependence individuals are more situationally determined

Question 30

Situational Factors - Choosing situations

Answer 30

select environments that confirm our beliefs about ourselves