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Anatomy & Physiology > Chapter 10 - Muscle Tissue > Flashcards

Chapter 10 - Muscle Tissue Flashcards

1
Q

Muscle functions

A
  • movement
  • stabilizing body positions
  • storing and moving substances within the body
  • heat generation
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2
Q

Properties of muscular tissue

A
  • electrical excitability
  • contractility
  • extensibility
  • elasticity
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3
Q

Electrical excitability

A

triggers an action potential

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4
Q

Contractility

A

generates tension

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5
Q

Extensibility

A

ability to stretch without being damaged

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6
Q

Elasticity

A

ability to return to its original length/shape

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7
Q

Types of muscle tissue

A
  • skeletal
  • cardiac
  • smooth
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8
Q

Epimysium

A

surrounds entire muscle cell

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9
Q

Perimysium

A

surrounds fascicles, bundles of muscle cells (fibers)

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10
Q

Endomysium

A

surrounds individual muscle fibers

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11
Q

Sarcolemma

A
  • cell membrane

- transverse tubules

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12
Q

Sarcoplasm

A
  • cytoplasm

- contains glycogen and myoglobin (contains oxygen to help make ATP)

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13
Q

Myofibril

A

contractile, allows muscle to get shorter

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14
Q

Triad

A

2 terminal cisterns budded up with transverse tubules

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15
Q

Sarcoplasmic Reticulum (SR)

A
  • sac-like structure

- contains calcium

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16
Q

Myofilaments

A

gives striated appearance

17
Q

Thin myofilaments

A
  • between sarcomeres

- composed of actin

18
Q

Thick myofilaments

A
  • in single sarcomere

- composed of the protein myosin

19
Q

Z disc

A
  • separates sarcomeres

- keeps thin filaments in place

20
Q

I band

A
  • only see thin filaments

- Z disc passes through center of each I band

21
Q

A band

A
  • may contain parts of thin filament

- length of thick filament

22
Q

H zone

A
  • contain only thick filaments (unlike A band)

- located in the center of each A band

23
Q

M line

A
  • middle of sarcomere

- hold thick filaments in place

24
Q

Myosin

A
  • motor protein
  • tails touch M line
  • binding site for ATP (heads)
  • binding site for actin
  • ATPase
  • thick myofilaments
25
Q

Actin

A
  • myosin-binding site
  • contractile protein
  • thin myofilaments
26
Q

Contractile proteins

A

myosin and actin

27
Q

Regulatory proteins

A

tropomyosin and troponin

-help switch muscle contraction process on/off

28
Q

Tropomyosin

A
  • prevents constant state of contraction/myosin-binding sites on actin covered
  • component of a thin filament
29
Q

Troponin

A
  • TnI (actin)
  • TnT (tropomyosin)
  • TnC (calcium)
  • troponin changes shape when binded with Ca+
  • shape change moves tropomyosin away from myosin-binding sites on actin molecules (muscle contraction begins as myosin binds to actin)

Anatomy & Physiology (9 decks)

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