Chapter 10 Key Terms

Question 0

A consistent definition of one’s self as a unique individual, in terms of roles, attitudes, beliefs and aspirations

Answer 0

identity

Question 1

Erkison’s term for the fifth stage of development, in which the person tries to figure out “Who am I?” but is confused as to which of many possible roles to adopt

Answer 1

identity v. role confusion

Question 2

Erikson’s term for the attainment of identity, or the point at which a person understands who he or she is as a unique individual, in accord with past experiences and future plans

Answer 2

identity achievement

Question 3

A situation in which an adolescent does not seem to know or care what his or her identity is

Answer 3

role confusion

Question 4

Erikson’s term for premature identity formation, which occurs when an adolescent adopts parents’ or society’s roles and values wholesale, without questioning or analysis

Answer 4

foreclosure

Question 5

An adolescent’s choice of a socially acceptable way to postpone making identity-achievement decisions. Going to college is a common example

Answer 5

moratorium

Question 6

A person’s acceptance of the roles and behaviors that society associates with the biological categories of male and female

Answer 6

gender identity

Question 7

A term that refers to whether a person is sexually and romantically attracted to others of the same sex, the opposite sex, or both sexes

Answer 7

sexual orientation

Question 8

Petty, peevish arguing, usually repeated and ongoing

Answer 8

bickering

Question 9

Parents’ ongoing awareness of what their children are doing, where, and with whom

Answer 9

parental monitoring

Question 10

A group of adolescents made up of close friends who are loyal to one another while excluding outsiders

Answer 10

clique

Question 11

A larger group of adolescents who have something in common but who are not necessarily friends

Answer 11

crowd

Question 12

Encouragement to conform to one’s friends or contemporaries in behavior, dress, and attitude; usually considered a negative force, as when adolescent peers encourage one another to defy adult authority

Answer 12

peer pressure

Question 13

Destructive peer support in which one person shows another how to rebel against authority or social norms

Answer 13

deviancy training

Question 14

Feelings of hopelessness, lethargy, and worthlessness that last two weeks or more

Answer 14

clinical depression

Question 15

Repeatedly thinking and talking about past experiences; can contribute to depression

Answer 15

rumination

Question 16

Thinking about suicide, usually with some serious emotional and intellectual or cognitive overtones

Answer 16

suicidal ideation

Question 17

Several suicides committed by members of a group within a brief period of time

Answer 17

cluster suicides

Question 18

Any potentially lethal action against the self that does not result in death

Answer 18

parasuicide

Question 19

A person under the age of 18 who breaks the law

Answer 19

juvenile delinquent

Question 20

A person whose criminal activity typically begins in early adolescence and continues throughout life; a career criminal

Answer 20

life-course-persistent offender

Question 21

A person whose criminal activity stops by age 21

Answer 21

adolescence-limited offender

Question 22

The idea that each new generation forgets what the previous generation learned. As used here, the term refers to knowledge about the harm drugs can do

Answer 22

generational forgetting