chapter 10 emotional development

Question 1

anxiety disorders

Answer 1

mental disorders that involve inability to regulate worrying

Question 2

adverse childhood experiences

Answer 2

traumatic events such as abuse, neglect, violence, death of a parent that are linked to mental and phys problems later in life

Question 3

co-regulation

Answer 3

caregiver gives comfort/distraction to help reduce child’s stress

Question 4

co-rumination

Answer 4

discussing and self-disclosing emotional problems with someone else

Question 5

cognitive behavioral therapy

Answer 5

Tx that helps people recognize their own negative thoughts and learn ways to adjust them

Question 6

depression

Answer 6

mental disorder with sad or irritable mood and physical/cognitive changes that interfere with daily life

Question 7

differential susceptibility

Answer 7

same temperament characteristic can put a child at risk in harsh environments, but lead to success in positive environment

Question 8

discrete emotions theory

Answer 8

theory where emotions are innate and each has a specific and distinct set of bodily and facial rxns

Question 9

display rules

Answer 9

social group’s informal rules about when, where, how much to express emotions

Question 10

emotion coaching

Answer 10

using discussion and instruction to teach children to cope and properly express emotions

Question 11

emotion regulation

Answer 11

conscious and unconscious processes to monitor and modulate emotional experiences and expressions

Question 12

emotion socialization

Answer 12

children acquire values, standards, skills, knowledge, and behaviors that are appropriate for their present and future cultural roles

Question 13

emotional intelligence

Answer 13

ability to cognitively process into abt emotions and use it to guide thought and behavior

Question 14

emotions

Answer 14

neural and psychological responses to the environment, subjective feelings, cognitions related to those feelings, and the desire to take action

Question 15

equifinality

Answer 15

various causes can lead to same mental disorder

Question 16

functionalist perspective

Answer 16

theory where basic function of emo is to promote action toward achieving goal

emotions are not discrete from each other and vary slightly based on social environment

Question 17

goodness of fit

Answer 17

degree to which an individual’s temperament is compatible with their social environment

Question 18

mental disorder

Answer 18

having problems with emotional reactions to the environment and social relationships

Question 19

mental health

Answer 19

sense of well-being internally (emotions, stress) and externally (relationships)

Question 20

multifinality

Answer 20

certain risk factors don’t always lead to a mental disorder

Question 21

runimation

Answer 21

focusing on own negative emotions (causes and consequences) without trying to improve the situation

Question 22

self comforting behaviors

Answer 22

repetitive behaviors that regulate arousal by providing mildly positive physical sensation

Question 23

self conscious emotions

Answer 23

guilt, shame, embarrassment, pride

relate to sense of self and consciousness of others’ reactions to us

Question 24

self distraction

Answer 24

looking away from upsetting stimuli to regulate arousal

Question 25

separation anxiety

Answer 25

distress that children feel when separated to someone they’re emotionally attached to

Question 26

social competence

Answer 26

ability to achieve personal goals in social interactions while maintaining positive relationships with others.

Question 27

social referencing

Answer 27

using parent or other adult’s facial expression/vocal cues to decide how to deal with a new situation

Question 28

social smiles

Answer 28

smiles directed toward people

emerge around 3 months old

Question 29

stress

Answer 29

physiological reaction to some change or threat in environment

Question 30

temperament

Answer 30

individual differences in emotion, activity level, and attention that are exhibited across contexts and are present from infancy (thought to be genetically based)

Question 31

toxic stress

Answer 31

overwhelming stress without support from adults