Chapter 10 Flashcards
tragedy of the commons
tendency of a shared resource to become depleted
externality
the cost or benefit of a good or service that is not included in the purchase price
maximum sustainable yield
the max amount of a renewable resource that can be harvested without compromising future availability
resource conservation ethic
belief that people should maximize use of resources based on the greatest good for everyone
multiple use lands
usa classification used to designate lands that may be used for recreation, grazing, timber, and minerals
rangelands
dry grasslands
taylor grazing act
passed to halt overgrazing
clear cutting
a method of harvesting trees that involves removing all trees within an area
selective cutting
harvesting trees based on the removal of single tress
ecologically sustainable forestry
removing trees in a way that doesnt affect the viability of other trees
tree plantation
a large area typically planted with a single rapidly growing tree species
prescibed burn
fire deliberately set under controlled conditions in order to reduce accumulation of dead biomass
national wildlife refuge
fed public land managed for the primary purpose of protecting wildlife
national wilderness area
area set aside with intent of preserving a landscape
NEPA nat environmental policy act
mandates an environmental assessment of all projects involving fed money
environmental impact statement
document outlining the scope and purpose of a development project, suggesting alternative approaches, and analyzing those approaches
environmental mitigation plan
plan that outlines how a developer will address concerns raised by a projects impact on the environment
endangered species act
to protect species from extinction
exurb
similar to suburb but unconnected to a city
urban sprawl
urbanized areas that spread into rural areas
urban blight
degradation of the built and social environments of the city, often accelerates migration to suburbs
highway trust fund
fed fund that pays for the construction and maintenance of roads
induced demand
increase in supply causing demand to grow
zoning
planning tool used to separate industry and business from residential neighborhoods
multi use zoning
zoning classification that allows retail and residential development to coexist in the same area
smart growth
set of principles for community planning that focuses on strategies to encourage the development of healthy communities
stakeholder
person with an interest in a particular place or issue
sense of place
feeling that an area has a distinct and meaningful character
transit oriented development
development that attempts to focus dense residential and retail development around stops for public transport
infill
development that fills vacant lots within existing communities
urban growth boundary
a restriction on development outside a designated area
