Chapter 10 Flashcards
Propinquity effect
The finding that the more we see and interact with people, the more likely they are to become our friends
Mere exposure effect
The finding that the more exposure we have to a stimulus, the more apt we are to like it
Evolutionary approach to mate selection
A theory derived from evolutionary biology that holds that men and women are attracted to different characteristics in each other (men are attracted by women’s appearance; women are attracted by men’s resources) because this maximizes their chances of reproductive success
Evolutionary psychology
The attempt to explain social behavior in terms of genetic factors that have evolved over time according to the principles of natural selection
Companionate love
The feelings of intimacy and affection we have for someone that are not accompanied by passion or physiological arousal
Passionate love
An intense longing we feel for a person, accompanied by physiological arousal; when our love is reciprocated, we feel great fulfillment and ecstasy, but when it is not, we feel sadness and despair
Attachment styles
The expectations people develop about relationships with others, based on the relationship they had with their primary caregiver when they were infants
Secure attachment style
An attachment style characterized by trust, a lack of concern with being abandoned, and the view that one is worthy and well liked
Avoidant attachment style
An attachment style characterized by a suppression of attachment needs because attempts to be intimate have been rebuffed; people with this style find it difficult to develop intimate relationships
Anxious/ambivalent attachment style
An attachment style characterized by a concern that others will not reciprocate one’s desire for intimacy, resulting in higher-than average levels of anxiety
Social exchange theory
The idea that people’s feelings about a relationship depend on their perceptions of the rewards and costs of the relationship, the kind of relationship they deserve, and their chances for having a better relationship with someone else
Comparison level
People’s expectations about the level of rewards and punishments they are likely to receive in a particular relationship
Comparison level for alternates
People’s expectations about the level of rewards and punishments they would receive in an alternative relationship
Investment model
The theory that people’s commitment to a relationship depends not only on their satisfaction with the relationship in terms of rewards, costs, and comparison level and their comparison level for alternatives, but also on how much they have invested in the relationship that would be lost by leaving it
Equity theory
The idea that people are happiest with relationships in which the rewards and costs experienced and the contributions made by
both parties are roughly equal
