Chapter 10

Question 0

Why are misdiagnosis common among personality disorders?

Answer 0

Many diseases such a thyroid disorder can cause a change in mood

Question 1

Definition of personality disorders

Answer 1

Rigid and unhealthy pattern of thinking, functioning, and behaving. Has trouble perceiving and relating to situations and people.

Question 2

What axis are personality disorders coded on?

Answer 2

Axis 2

Question 3

Cluster A personality disorders and symptoms

Answer 3

“The odd eccentric cluster” social detachment, tend not to seek help.

1. Paranoid personality:
   suspicious, rigid, argumentative, on guard, distant and demanding
2. Schizoid:
   Don’t desire close relationships with others. Inability and lack of desire to form relationships. Need for love and belonging doesn’t develop. Loners, not dangerous.
3. Schizotypal:
   Lack social skills, no filter. Over sensitivity, eccentricity. Oddities of thought/perception/speech. Introverted, can’t focus on 1 thing. Intractable, clean.

Question 4

Cluster B

Answer 4

“Dramatic, erratic” mood swings, impulsive, anti social

1. Histrionic:
   Feel unappreciated if not center of attention. Attention seeking. Stormy relationships. Self centred, over concerned with approval. Act out for attention
2. Narcissists:
   Admire themselves too much. Exaggerated sense of self, fragile ego, low self esteem. See through only their eyes.
3. Antisocial:
   Criminal behaviour. Violate rights of others without remorse, intelligence and charm, impulsive, aggressive features. Able to sway others.
4. Borderline:
   Love then hate, emotional instability. Fail to form stable self identity. Unpredictable, self destructive, suicide attempts as form of manipulation

Question 5

Cluster C

Answer 5

“Anxious and inhibited” problem disguising personality

1. Avoidant:
   Fear rejection, extreme social inhibition, hypersensitivity. Desire affection, lonely, don’t enjoy being alone but end up alone.
2. Dependant:
   Extreme dependency on others, panic when alone. Lack of self confidence, clinging submissive behaviour. Abuse accepted in order to stay in relationship.
3. Obsessive compulsive personality:
   No anxiety. Perfectionist, maintaining order, rules, details, schedules. Double check work. Lack warmth, leisure activities sacrificed. Rigid, stubborn.

Question 6

Best form of treatment for personality disorders

Answer 6

Pharmacotherapy to stabilise mood, behaviour therapy, DBT (in patient to out patient transition)

Question 7

Causal factors of personality

Answer 7

Biological: dopamine deficits, childhood temperament

Psychological: learned behavior from childhood

Sociocultural: social media

Question 8

Antisocial personality disorder ASPD

Answer 8

Pervasive pattern of disregard for or violation of the rights of others. Crime, legal problems and impulsive aggressive behavior

Has a formal diagnosis, higher # of incarcerations, must have ODD/CD, higher prevalence rates

Question 9

Psychopathy

Answer 9

Affective and interpersonal traits: lack of remorse, selfish, exploitation of others, social deviancy. Life style need for stimulation, addictive behavior. Cannot emotionally connect with others.

sociopaths can connect emotionally to others while psychopaths cannot