Chapter 10 Flashcards
Abraham Maslow’s (1971) _______ __ _____ combines biological and psychological aspects of motivation.
Hierarchy of needs
What are the 5 categories of motivated behavior?
- Physiological needs
- Safety needs
- Love and Belongingness
- Esteem needs
- Self-actualization
What are along the two dimensions?
Type
Strength of motivation
The strongest needs are at the ______ and people strive to satisfy ________ ______
Bottom
Successfully higher
Only a small number of people achieve ____ __________; not everyone achieves _____ __________.
Self-Actualization
Self-Actualization
Refers to developing one’s unique potential to its fullest extent.
Self- Actualization
Self- determination theory asserts that there are 3 basic organismic (psychological) needs. What are they?
Competence
Relatedness
Autonomy
Means that these psychological needs are innate and exist in every person.
Organismic
Is met when we feel that we are able to bring about desired outcomes.
Competence
motivation involves self-efficacy (the belief that you can perform a behavior).
Competence
Is also related to expectancies for success.
Competence
Is the need to engage in warm relations with other people. Some psychologists propose that the need to belong is the strongest human motivator.
Relatedness
Is the sense that we are in control of our own life. Means being independent and self-reliant, and it is a key aspect of feeling that one’s behavior is self motivated and emerging from genuine interest.
Autonomy
According to _____ ____, the “why” of our goals can be explained by distinguishing between intrinsic and extrinsic motivation.
Laura King
Defined as motivation based on internal factors such as organismic (these psychological needs are innate and exist in every person). Some examples include needs as competence, relatedness, and autonomy, as well as curiosity, challenge, and fun.
Intrinsic Motivation
is motivation that involves external incentives such as rewards and punishments. We engage in a behavior for some external payoff or to avoid an external punishment.
Extrinsic Motivation
Is the process by which an organism effortfully controls behavior in order to pursue important objectives. Its essential to getting back feedback about how we are doing in our goal pursuits.
Self-Regulation
A key concept in understanding how individuals successfully pursue goals is ____ __ _______-putting off a pleasurable experience in the interest of some larger but later reward.
Delay of gratification
Two well know theories of emotion are:
James Lange Theory
Cannon Bard Theory
An internal or external stimulus triggers physiological changes before the emotion and actually create the feelings we label as emotion.
James-Lang Theory
Each emotion has a distinct set of physiological changes, evident changes in
Heart rate, breathing patterns, sweating, and other responses.
Occurs after physiological changes.
Emotion
Proposes that after the initial perception, the experience of the emotion results from the the perception, the experience of the emotion results from the perception of one’s own physiological changes. The approach says the bodily changes come first and then those responses lead us to feel an emotion.
James-Lang Theory
This theory proposes that the thalamus relays information simultaneously to the cortex and to the sympathetic nervous system resulting emotions and physiological changes occurring at the same time (simultaneously).
Cannon-Bard Theory
Schachter and Singer’s two-factor theory of emotion proposes that emotion is determined by two factors. What are they?
- Physiological arousal
- Cognitive labeling
We look to the external world for an explanation why we are
Aroused
We interpret external cues and label the
Emotion
