Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Biology 2401 Anatomy and physiology > CHAPTER 1 TEST REVIEW > Flashcards

CHAPTER 1 TEST REVIEW Flashcards

Understanding terms, and concepts

1
Q

Anatomy

A

studies the form and structure of the body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Physiology

A

examines how the body functions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Scientific method

A

refers to a systematic and rigorous
process by which scientists

  • Examine natural events through observation
  • Develop a hypothesis for explaining a phenomenon
  • Experiment and test hypothesis by collecting data
  • Determine if the data support the hypothesis, or if the
    hypothesis should be rejected or modified
    3
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Microscopic anatomy

A

Examines structures that cannot be observed by unaided
eye
* Specimens examined under microscope

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

what are the divisions in microscopic anatomy

A

cytology and histology

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what does cyto refers

A

cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what does histo means

A

tissues

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

cytology

A

Cytology is the study of body cells and their internal structure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

histology

A

Histology is the study of tissues

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Gross anatomy, or macroscopic anatomy

A

Investigates structures visible to the unaided eye
* Specimens dissected for examination

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Divisions of marcoscopic

A

Systemic anatomy
* Regional anatomy
* Surface anatomy
* Comparative anatomy
* Embryology

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Systemic anatomy

A

Systemic anatomy studies the anatomy of each body system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Regional anatomy

A

Regional anatomy examines the structures in a body region

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Surface anatomy

A

Surface anatomy focuses on superficial anatomic markings and
internal body structures

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Comparative anatomy

A

Comparative anatomy examines anatomical similarities and
differences in different species

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Embryology

A

Embryology studies developmental changes from conception to
birth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

what are Divisions focusing on diagnosis or research

A

Pathologic anatomy
Radiographic anatomy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Pathologic anatomy

A

Pathologic anatomy examines macroscopic and
microscopic anatomic changes resulting from disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Radiographic anatomy

A

Radiographic anatomy investigates internal structures
visualized by scanning procedures

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

what does path refers to

A

disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

what are the Physiology subdisciplines

A

Cardiovascular physiology
* Neurophysiology
* Respiratory physiology
* Reproductive physiology
* Pathophysiology

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Cardiovascular physiology

A

Cardiovascular physiology examines functioning of the heart,
blood vessels, and blood

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Neurophysiology

A

Neurophysiology studies functioning of nerves and nervous
system organs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Respiratory physiology

A

Respiratory physiology explores functioning of respiratory
organs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Reproductive physiology
Reproductive physiology investigates functioning of reproductive hormones and the reproductive cycle
26
Pathophysiology
Pathophysiology focuses on the function of a body system during disease or injury to the system
27
what are the 6 properties of all organisms
Organization Metabolism Growth and development Responsiveness Regulation Reproduction
28
what is metabolism
the sum of all chemical reactions that occur within the body
29
define anabolism
small molecules joined to form larger ones
30
define catabolism
large molecules broken down into smaller ones
31
what are the levels of organizations of an organism
Chemical level – atoms, molecules, macromolecules * Cellular level – cells, basic units of life * Tissue level – tissues, similar cells performing common functions * Organ level – organs, multiple tissues working together * Organ system level – related organs work together * Organismal level – organ systems function together
32
what are the different body systems
1.Integumentary system 2. Skeletal system 3. Muscular system 4. Nervous system 5. Endocrine system 6. Cardiovascular system 7. Lymphatic system 8. Respiratory system 9. Urinary system 10. Digestive system 11. Male and female reproductive systems
33
describle anatomical position
Upright stance * Feet parallel and flat on the floor * Upper limbs at the sides of the body * Palms face anteriorly (toward the front) * Head is level * Eyes look forward
34
transverse plane
Horizontal plane dividing the body into superior (top) and inferior (bottom) parts
35
frontal plane
Vertical plane dividing the body into anterior (front) and posterior (back) part
36
sagittel plane
divides structure into unequal portions
37
define the directional term- Superifical
closest to the surface
38
define the directional term- deep
away from the surface
39
define the directional term- antorier
toward the front
40
define the directional term- posterior
toward the back
41
define the directional term- supertior
toward the top
42
define the directional term- inferior
toward the bottom
43
define the directional term- medial
toward the midline
44
define the directional term- lateral
away from the midline
45
define the directional term- proximal
closest to the point of the attachment
46
define the directional term- distal
away from the point of the attachment
47
what are the 2 regions of the human body
Appendicular and axial
48
what are the regions terms
Cephailc- head thoracic abdominal pelvic cervical upper extremity lower extremity
49
define mediastinum
median space in the thoracic cavity
50
mediastnum - what organs are contained
Contains heart, thymus, esophagus, trachea, and major blood vessels that connect to the heart
51
define pleura
two-layered serous membrane associated with lungs
52
define homeostasis
the ability of an organism to maintain consistent internal environment in response to changing internal or external conditions
53
define negative feedback
Controls most processes in the body * Variable fluctuates within a normal range around a set point * Resulting action is in the opposite direction of the stimulus * Example: temperature regulation
54
define positive feedback
Occurs much less frequently than negative feedback * Stimulus reinforced to continue moving variable in same direction until a climactic event occurs, then body returns to homeostasis
55
what are the vital signs
Normal ranges for homeostatic variables * Body temperature 98.6°F * Blood glucose 80 to 110 mg/dL * Blood pressure 90 to 120/60 to 80 mm Hg * Determined by sampling healthy individuals in a population * Normal range is value for 95% of individuals sampled * 5% of healthy population have values outside normal range
56
what are ssri used for
SSRI drugs block reuptake of serotonin into nerve cells in brain, thus prolonging its effects; SSRIs help elevate mood of patients with depression
57
what are the six medical imaging studies
radiography ultrasound digital subtraction angiography (DSA) computed tomography (CT) magnetic resonance imaging(MRI) positron Emission Tomography (PET)
58
define cavity
59
what are the 3 components of the homeostatic system
receptor control center effector
60
what are the abdominopelvic regions
Abdominopelvic cavity is partitioned into nine compartments * Umbilical region * Middle region, named for the umbilicus (navel) that lies in its center * Epigastric region * Superior to umbilical * Hypogastric region * Inferior to umbilical Right and left hypochondriac regions * Inferior to costal cartilages and lateral to epigastric * Right and left lumbar regions * Lateral to umbilical * Right and left iliac regions * Lateral to hypogastric
61
what are the quadrants
Abdominopelvic cavity can also be divided into four compartments with transverse and midsagittal planes through the umbilicus * Right and left upper quadrant * Right and left lower quadrant
62
what are the layers of serous membranes

Biology 2401 Anatomy and physiology (14 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions