Chapter 1 Review Flashcards
Any substance that has a definite composition
chemical
process that changes one set of chemicals into another set of chemicals
chemical reaction
A form of matter that has a definite shape and volume
solid
A state of matter that has no definite shape but has a definite volume.
liquid
anything that takes up space and has mass
matter
liquid portion of blood
plasma
a substance or molecule that participates in a chemical reaction
reactant
A substance produced in a chemical reaction
product
The amount of space an object takes up
volume
the force of gravity on an object
weight
amount
quantity
A change in a substance that does not change its identity
physical change
a substance made by mixing other substances together.
mixture
has uniform structure or composition throughout
homogeneous
different phases of distinctly different regions
heterogeneous
Milk souring is a ______ change.
chemical
gasoline burning
chemical
ice melting
physical
lighting a match
chemical
water evaporating
physical
chopping wood
physical
breath fogging a mirror
physical
cooking an egg
chemical
bleaching a stain
chemical
describe two characteristics properties of matter
matter has mass and volume
explain the difference between quantity and unit
quantity is the property that is measured; a unit is the quantity the property is measured in
Why is density a derived unit?
It is calculated by combining two SI units.
The terms odorless and colorless are quantitative terms.
False
to say that the mass of a gold nugget is 5.0 grams is to use a quantitative term
true
what are the differences between physical and chemical properties? give an example of a chemical property.
physical properties can be determined without changing the identity of a substance. chemical properties describe a substance’s ability to participate in chemical reactions. Ex: rotting, reaction with oxygen/rusting
a ratio of equivalent measurements
conversion factor
explain how chemicals and chemical reactions are an important part of your life.
chemicals and chemical reactions take place around you everyday. by learning about them, you can start learning more about the world around you.
explain the difference between mass and weight.
mass is the quantity of matter in an object and weight is the force produced by gravity acting on a mass.
What special meaning does the slope of a graph of mass versus volume have?
The slope of a graph of mass versus volume is equal to density
density
mass/ volume
A change in matter that produces one or more new substances
chemical change
the basic unit of a chemical element.
atom
Matter that always has exactly the same composition
pure substance
A pure substance made of only one kind of atom
element
A group of atoms bonded together
molecule
What is the SI base unit for mass?
gram
What is the SI base unit for length?
meter
What is density?
ratio for how many particles a substance has in a certain amount of space
The Law of Conservation of Mass states:
Matter cannot be created and it cannot be destroyed
fireworks are a physical change
false
What is the chemical property?
reacts with air
What is percent error?
the perfect value of the error divided by the accepted value
All matter has:
density, volume, mass
What is an allotrope?
When an element can have two or more forms
What is an example of a compound
Pure water (H2O)
Concrete is a homogeneous structure
False
Heterogeneous mixture can be separated
True
