Chapter 1 — Part 3

Question 1

If a client is reasonably confident and motivated to make even a small change, how does this impact future change? How do we build on small successes? What Coaching Mechanism is used here?

Answer 1

The success that follows will increase confidence and motivation further. We build on successes by: Selecting a habit that, while a stretch, is within reach and will build confidence a little. __________- Coaching Mechanism 3: Build Confidence

Question 2

What is the ICF definition of coaching presence?

Answer 2

“The ability to be fully conscious and create spontaneous relationship with the client, employing a style that is open, flexible, and confident.”

Question 3

What is Tim Gallwey’s definition of coaching presence (2000)?

Answer 3

“The art of creating an environment, through conversation and a way of being, that facilitates the process by which a person can move toward desired goals in a fulfilling manner.” — Tim Gallwey (2000). This “requires one essential ingredient that cannot be taught: caring not only for external results but for the person being coached.” (p. 177) 43

Question 4

What is Meg Moore’s definition of coaching presence?

Answer 4

Coaching Presence — A way of being with clients (mindful, empathetic, warm, calm, zestful, fun, and courageous) that facilitates growth and change through connection. — Meg Moore 43

Question 5

What are the being skills of coaching presence as delineated by Meg Moore?

Note: The ICF behaviors for demonstrating coaching presence. _{43, 44 - 49}

Answer 5

The Being Skills of Coaching Presence: 44 - 49 ♣ Mindfulness 44 – 45 Figure 3.2 Prefrontal Cortex — Mindfulness/Sensing/Experiencing ♣ Empathy 45 ♣ Warmth 46 ♣ Affirmation 46 ♣ Calm 47 ♣ Zest 47-48 ♣ Playfulness 48 ♣ Courage and Authenticity 48 – 49

Question 6

According to the ICF, what behaviors does a professional coach do who is exhibiting coaching presence?43

Answer 6

ICF Definition of Coaching Presence = a Core Coaching Competency “The ability to be fully conscious and create spontaneous relationship with the client, employing a style that is open, flexible, and confident.” The ICF indicates that a professional coach: ♣ Is present and flexible during the coaching process, dancing in the moment ♣ Accesses one’s intuition and trusts one’s inner knowing — “goes with the gut” ♣ Is open to not knowing and takes risks ♣ Sees many ways to work with the client and chooses in the moment what is most effective ♣ Uses humor effectively to create lightness and energy ♣ Confidently shifts perspectives and experiments with new possibilities for own action ♣ Demonstrates confidence in working with strong emotions and can self-manage and not be overpowered by or enmeshed in clients’ emotions ICF Definition of Coaching Presence = a Core Coaching Competency

Question 7

How is coaching presence developed? 44

Answer 7

Coaching presence — Is developed through the practice of using relational qualities called “being skills.”

Question 8

List the being skills associated with coaching presence. _{44 - 45}

Answer 8

♣ Mindfulness 44 – 45 Figure 3.2 Prefrontal Cortex — Mindfulness/Sensing/Experiencing ♣ Empathy 45 ♣ Warmth 46 ♣ Affirmation 46 ♣ Calm 47 ♣ Zest 47-48 ♣ Playfulness 48 ♣ Courage and Authenticity 48 – 49

Question 9

Define mindfulness.

Answer 9

A nonjudgmental awareness of what is happening in the present moment. 44 “When one is mindful, one is actively engaged in the present and sensitive to both context and perspective. The mindful condition is both the result of in the continuing cause of actively noticing new things” (Langer and Carson, 2006). 44 - 45

Question 10

What are the two components required of mindfulness?

Answer 10

1. Self-regulation — Needed to pay attention in the moment 2. Posture of — Curiosity, openness and acceptance.

Question 11

If one is tuning into their negative emotions and sensations, what does this indicate? 45

Answer 11

Some needs are not being met.

Question 12

How does one move conscious attention into an “open awareness brain state”? What is happening with the pre-frontal cortex at this time? 4

Answer 12

To get to an “open awareness brain state” — Move attention deep and back into the sensory or “experiencing” brain state regions. It is this state of experiencing that leads to meaningful and connected engagement with the client. 45

Question 13

Which regions of the brain are activated during the “open awareness brain state”?

Answer 13

Regions of the brain are activated during the “open awareness brain state”: Regions deep and back in the sensory or “experiencing” brain state regions. 45 Pre-frontal Cortex during the “open-awareness brain state”: The pre-frontal cortex has low activity. On Figure 3.2, it is blue. 45

Question 14

Which VIA Signature Strengths were found to have a significant positive relationship to mindfulness? ₄₅

Answer 14

1. List them in descending order. 45 1. Self-regulation 2. Bravery 3. Integrity 4. Perspective 5. Citizenship 6. Social intelligence • Silberman suggests that mindfulness may “cultivate a number of strengths simultaneously,” perhaps by its ability to quiet “mental chatter.”

Question 15

Define Empathy.₄₅

Answer 15

Empathy: The respectful understanding of another person’s experience, including her feelings, needs, and desires. Empathy is the core relational dynamic that leads to movement and growth in coaching. Empathy seeks only to understand and value another person’s experience with respect and compassion.

Question 16

What are the characteristics of a coach who is empathetic? ₄₅

Answer 16

The empathetic coach stays present with what’s alive in and coming up for the client being in the present moment. The coach is: ♣ Curious without being demanding ♣ Interested without being intrusive ♣ Compassionate without being condescending ♣ Persistent without being impatient Empathy creates a zone of new possibilities with the client. Empathy = Nonjudgmental attention - Connection Self-regulation Ultimately to greater order and health (Shapiro, Carlson, Astin, & Freedman, 2006)

Question 17

What state of being is essential for empathy to be effective?

Answer 17

Warmth — Without warmth, all attempts and empathy will fail. Empathy requires a sincere, heartfelt desire to connect with another human being.

Question 18

What state of being is required for warmth to be effective?

Answer 18

Empathy. This is because warmth requires an awareness of what others are feeling and needing in the present moment (= Empathy). Warmth generates full engagement. It is contagious being license conversations shifts circumstances.

Question 19

How is affirmation different from affiliation? Define each. ₄₆

Answer 19

Affirmation: The coach conveys acceptance and appreciation of a client’s thoughts, feelings, and choices. Remember: “Every cell in your body is doing the best it can with the resources at hand.” Affiliation: Alignment with the client’s thoughts, feelings, and choices.

Question 20

What do affirmation and acceptance combine? 46

Answer 20

Affirmation and Acceptance ——– Combine ———- Mindfulness and Empathy 46

Question 21

What can make every situation perfect, even when it obviously is not perfect? Which being skills do we use for this? ₄₆

Answer 21

How can every situation be perfect? Each situation can be perfect by virtue of the fact that every moment is the only moment that can be happening at any moment. There’s no way to arrive at a future moment except through the present moment.

Question 22

What do affirmation and acceptance combine? ₄₆

Answer 22

Affirmation: The coach conveys acceptance and appreciation of a client’s thoughts, feelings, and choices.

Remember: “Every cell in your body is doing the best it can with the resources at hand.”

Affirmation and Acceptance ——– Combine ———- Mindfulness and Empathy ₄₆

Question 23

What are all unhealthy thoughts, words, and actions an expression of? ₄₆

Answer 23

Unmet needs. Needs underlie thoughts, words, and actions.

Question 24

How do coaches deal with negative energy and challenging circumstances? _{46 - 47}

Answer 24

1. Normalize negative feelings and challenging circumstances Positively reframe the event and affirm the client.

Remember: “We all have a dark alleyway. That happens to be yours, but we all have one. We all have things in our lives we are ashamed of. You’re not alone, and you’re not terrible. You’re human.” — Carol Kaufman

2. Reframe.
3. Empathy, warmth, and affirmation foster an important quality of being necessary for masterful coaching. Support their positive core —> improved self-confidence.

Question 25

Define Calm as a being skill. ₄₇

Answer 25

Calm: It’s an energy that comes from connecting with and trusting the unfolding of life, whether on the most personal or universal levels. Calm is the energy in the fire — the strength that comes from knowing that it’s never too late to make a difference. It is maintaining perspective and poise in the moment. Coaches with calm energy step back and observe emotional frenzy in themselves and in their clients and create some degrees of freedom from automatic triggers. They notice the emotion, are present, and make a choice about the response — Shapiro (2006) See page 47 for what masterful coaches do. By being present and open to the unfolding of things to come, they add meaning, purpose, and value. 47

Question 26

Zest is a being skill. Define it.

Answer 26

Zest: An optimistic and hopeful nature that anticipates the best and as a result often generates the best. Example: A child is anticipating a special activity or action like going to the zoo or getting on an airplane, and they are excited with the energy of zest. Zest looks like the “shining eyes” — in terms of the level of engagement. — Ben Zander (2002) Masterful coaches radiate zest. Zest is a self-reinforcing and upward spiraling energy that supports resilience and self-efficacy. To increase zest: Cultivate gratitude.

Question 27

How does one increase the being skill, zest? _{47 - 48}

Answer 27

Cultivate gratitude.

Question 28

Reciprocal relationships exist between these being skills __________. What are they? _{<span>47 - 48</span>}

Answer 28

Reciprocal relationships between:

Empathy + Zest

Empathy — Giving and receiving

Zest — Giving and receiving

The more a coach fills their life with zest, the more zest they have to share with others.

Question 29

Define the being skills — Courage and Authenticity. _{48 - 49}

Answer 29

Courage:

Naming what is present to wake up a client’s awareness, create connection, and generate movement.₄₈

Having courage in coaching means sharing what is being noticed, felt, needed, and wanted. It often takes time to make this deeper level of connection, but it’s worth it. ₄₉

Authenticity:

Bold expression of observations, feelings, needs, and requests in the service of client outcomes.

Authentic coaches have a genuine way of stepping up to the plate and making conversations real.

Masterful coaches have a fearless, conversational prowess that shakes things loose and stirs thing up without offending, violating, blaming, shaming, or demeaning people.

Courage and Authenticity —

Coaches “shine a light” on what wants to be said.

The truth is contagious and resonant. This works when we stay with accurate observations free from evaluations and honestly reflect back what we are experiencing and seeing.

We enable our clients to honestly gain new awareness and understanding of who they are and what they are facing.

This allows our clients to muster the courage to more fully meet their needs.

Respectful and Genuine Interactions — with our clients can provoke the change they seek.

Question 30

What being skill goes with Playfulness? ₄₈

Answer 30

Playfulness + Zest = Go Together

It is impossible to sustain zest without playfulness.

Playfulness ignites our energy for and engagement with life.

Playfulness underlies zest, humor and curiosity — and vice versa.

Empathy + Warmth + Affirmation = Go Together

Question 31

How do we show our coaching presence? ₄₉

Answer 31

Show Coaching Presence: ♣

1. Word choice
2. Phrasing
3. Pace
4. Body language
5. Facial expressions
6. Intonation — voice
7. Silence — conveys comfort, respect, and spaciousness for the client’s experience. A quiet presence can be evocative. We use our voices to
8. Build excitement with stimulating energy
9. Calm things down with soothing energy

Dance between — intention and attention in the present moment.

Coaches need to be — ready, willing, and able to engage to make this happen.

Flow of Energy

Between Coach and Client

A key factor to consider is — the flow of energy between the coach and client.

If conveyed artfully, coaches and clients lean into each other with full engagement. This can be seen in the eyes and heard in the voice as one thing leads spontaneously to another.

Question 32

Name two strengths models. ₅₀

Answer 32

1. StrengthsFinder — Developed by the Gallup Organization. — Rath (2007) 2. VIA Signature Strengths — 24 character strengths grouped into six large categories called “virtues” that consistently emerge across history and culture.

Question 33

Mindfulness is related to which VIA Character Strengths? ₅₃

Answer 33

1. 2. Empathy
2. Warmth
3. Affirmation
4. Calm
5. Zest
6. Playfulness
7. Courage and
8. Authenticity

Question 34

Professional Development Plan

What are the two parts of a Professional Development Plan for a Coach? 18

Answer 34

1. Self-Care for the Coach
2. Modeling to Be a Coach
   3.

Question 35

Self-Care₁₉

What is self-care? What does self-care include?

Answer 35

Self-Care: 19

A way of living that incorporates behaviors that enable one to

Maintain personal health and balance

Replenish energy and motivation

Grow as a person

Self-Care includes:

• Healthy eating
• Regular physical activity
• Improving your physical surroundings
• Develop a practice that exercises your mind and soul
• Balance — Family, social, and work demands with time to unwind by spending time in nature
• Soak in a hot bubble bath
• Watch a beautiful sunrise
• Listening to favorite music

Nurturing the body, environment, relationships, and spirit is a vital part of maintaining good health and a vibrant life. And, it is a key factor in having the strength and motivation to continue to give to others.

Question 36

Modeling_{19 - 20}

to Be a Coach

What does John Perry mean when he says, “Coaching is not a service profession, it is a modeling profession.”

Answer 36

Masterful coaching takes more than just masterful use of coaching techniques. It takes

Presence

= a way of being in the world and with clients

which

brings out the best in people through the quality of the connection itself.

It is not just what the coach does, but who the coach is that determines our effectiveness in coaching.

To manifest this presence and to generate this quality of connection,

The coach needs to

“Be the change they seek.”

That is, the coach needs to model in her own life the very attributes of

• Health +
• Fitness +
• Wellness
• that they assist their clients to create.

Coaches who

“Walk the talk.”

Experiment with and put into practice the wisdom that is developed with clients

—-> the more transformational their presence becomes

Coaches need to be a role model:

1. Physically
2. Emotionally
3. Intellectually
4. Socially
5. Spiritually

Clients draw energy from the coach who is masterful at self- care and

have greater movement and change than they otherwise would

Question 37

Distinguish between Coaching and Therapy. _{<span>20</span>}

Answer 37

Coaching and Therapy₂₀

Similarities

1. Synergistic
2. Tools and Skills — Overlap
3. Solution-Focused, positive and Future-Oreinted Therapy Models

Coaches

1. Coaching Clients — No serious mental distress
2. Coaches help the client build a better future
3. Coaches — Not clinical diagnosticians
4. Coaches — Do not focus directly on improving a clinically diagnosed condition although coaching programs have promise as an adjunct to mental health interventions
5. Coaches — Refer to an appropriate licensed mental health provider when needed

Therapists

1. Generally work with clients in distress and help them heal small and large emotional traumas
2. Manage mental health conditions and dysfunctional mental patterns
3. Licensed to treat diagnosable disorders based on the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, DSM-V

Question 38

What is the domain of Coaching?₂₀

Answer 38

Coaches

1. Coaching Clients — No serious mental distress
2. Coaches help the client build a better future
3. Coaches — Not clinical diagnosticians
4. Coaches — Do not focus directly on improving a clinically diagnosed condition although coaching programs have promise as an adjunct to mental health interventions
5. Coaches — Refer to an appropriate licensed mental health provider when needed

Question 39

What are the criteria for referring a client to a licensed mental health professional?_{<span>20</span>}

Answer 39

Coaching Client Referral to a Licensed Mental Health Practitioner

Criteria for

1. Is exhibiting a decline in his or her ability to experience pleasure and/or an increase in being sad, hopeless, and helpless.
2. Has intrusive thoughts or is unable to concentrate or focus
3. Is unable to get sleep or awakens during the night and is unable to get back to sleep or sleeps excessively
4. Has a change in appetite, whether an increase or decrease
5. Is feeling guilty because others have suffered or died
6. Has feelings of despair or hopelessness
7. Is being hyperalert and/or is excessively tired
8. Has increased irritability or outbursts of anger
9. Has impulsive and risk-taking behavior
10. Has thoughts of death adn/or suicide

It is important to look for the less obvious indicators of mental health concerns that extend beyond the role of coaching.

Examples:

1. A client keeps making attempts to change their way of living but keeps holding themselves back with self-defeating behavior
2. A client wants to process feelings repeatedly rather than moving forward toward learning and insight (Arloski, 2013).

Question 40

Refer or Not Refer_{<span>20</span>}

If a client keeps making attempts to change their way of living but keeps holding themselves back with self-defeating behavior, what does the coach do?

Answer 40

If the Coach has applied _____ and it is not working, then

• AI
• MI
• Strengths Based-Coaching, etc

Refer to a Mental Health Practitioner

Question 41

Refer or Not Refer₂₀

If a client wants to process feelings repeatedly rather than moving forward, what is the coach to do?

Answer 41

Refer to a Mental Health Professional

Question 42

Consulting_{<span>20 - 21</span>}

How is coaching different from consulting?

Answer 42

Coaching

Different from Consulting

Consultants

• ​Retained for their expertise
• Often expected to diagnose problems, prescribe, and implement souutions

Coaching

• Clients generate their own solutions with the coach
• Coach acts as a facilitator and is supportive
• Coach helps client find discovery-based approaches and frameworks and several options
• Coach adds expertise only when needed

Question 43

Mentoring_{<span>21</span>}

How is coaching different from mentoring?

Answer 43

Mentoring

Mentor:

1. Expert who provides wisdom and guidance based on her own experience
2. Mentoring may include:

• Advising
• Counseling
• Coaching

Coach:

Focuses on individuals or groups and teams setting and reaching their own objectives.

Question 44

Training_{<span>21</span>}

How is coaching different from Training?

Answer 44

Training

Trainer:

1. Training programs are based on objectives set out by the trainer or instructor.
2. Assumes a structured learning path that coincides with an established curriculum

Coaching Process:

1. Less structured
2. No set curriculum

Question 45

Education_{<span>21</span>}

How is coaching different from education?

Answer 45

Education_{<span>21</span>}

Health Educators:

Inform and/or Educate Individuals about

1. Behaviors that promote healthy living and prevent disease and other health problems
2. Health-related topics and the habits and behaviors necessary to avoid illness

Coaches:

May provide education, but it is combined with coaching in a thoughtful way that enables client autonomy and choice.

Question 46

Athletic Development and Personal Training_{<span>21</span>}

What is the difference between an athletic coach or personal trainer and a health and wellness coach?

Answer 46

Athletic Development and Personal Training

Athletic Coach:

1. Expert who guides and directs the bheavior of individuals or teams based on her greater experience or knowledge.
2. Focus on behaviors that are being executed poorly or incorrectly

HWC:

1. Possess expertise and greater knowledge but they use a — co-creative, collaborative model.
2. Focus is on identifying opportunity for development and new goal achievement based on individual strengths and capabilities.

Question 47

Therapy_{<span>21</span>}

How is coaching different from therapy?

Answer 47

Therapy

Therapy/Therapists:

1. Deals with healing pain, dysfunction, and conflict within an individual or in relationships.
2. Focus is often on

• Resolving difficulties arising from the past that hamper an individual’s functioning in the present
• Dealing with the present in more emotionally healthy ways

Coaching/Coaches:

1. Supports personal and professional growth based on self-initiated change in pursuit of specific actionable outcomes. These outcomes are linked to personal and professional success.
2. Primary focus — Creating actionable strategies for achieving specific goals in one’s work or personal life.
3. Emphasis — On action, accountability, and follow-through.

Question 48

Liability and Scope of Practice_{<span>21</span>}

How does a coach minimize the risk of liability for unprofessional behavior?

Answer 48

Liability and Scope of Practice

Minimize Risk of Liability

1. Scope of Practice — Set clear limitations around scope of practice.
2. Provide Expert Advice and Teaching — Only in areas where they are licensed nationally/nationally recognized credentials follow evidence-based guideline.
3. Scope of Practice — Provide each client with information re: scope of practice
4. Professional Liability Insurance — if you have paying clients
5. Provide expert knowledge and step in if/when — Doing or planning things that will endanger their health, wellness, or fitness. Examples: Over-exercising, exercising unsafely when injured, not following a physician’s prescription, sharing medication, following an unhealthy diet, or remaining in a high-stress situation.
6. No amateur Advice — Do not give advice outside your areas of evidence-based competence and professional expertise.
7. ICF Guidelines Expections around — Conflicts of Interest, Professional conduct with clients, and Confidentiality. — Follow the Guidelines. _{<span>22 - 24</span>}
8. _{<span><strong>BCC Credential — Requires and emphasizes to </strong>only work within one’sscope of expertise,. We must recognize the limits of coaching practices and qualifications and only provide services when qualified, seek supervision from quialified professionals wehn necessary, provide referrals when unable to provide appropriate assistance to a client and to stay within the limitations of the coaching profession (not counseling, therapy or psychotherapy services)</span>}
9. WCC — See Question that Addresses this.₂₂

Question 49

Wellcoaches Certification_{<span>22</span>}

Standards

Wellcoaches Certification Handbook

What are the standards outline in the WCH?

Answer 49

WCC Standards

As Outlined in Wellcoaches Certification Handbook

1. Nationally Recognized Credentials — Only provide expert advice in these areas.
2. Scope of Credentials and Expertise — Inform clients.
3. Existing Professional, Licensure, or Certification Affilitations that you have with Governmental, Local, State, or National Agencies or Organizations — These take precedence relative to any disiplinary measures that pertain to professional conduct.
4. Providing Services — Provide

• Competent and legally permissible services within the scope of practice of the respective certification.
• With integrity, competence, diligence, and compassion.
• Qualifications and Limitations — Be truthful re: expertise and stay within limits of competencies

Question 50

ICF Standards of Ethical Conduct_{<span>22 - 24</span>}

See​ www.coachfederation.org and page 22 - 24

Question 51

How does a coach create a professional development plan?_{<span>18</span>}

Answer 51

• Assess your coaching skills on a scale of 1 to 10 (review all manual chapters to identify hte m;ost important coaching skills for self-rating).
• Set up intended outcomes — where you want to be in 6 months and a year. Choose a couple of skills to work on at a time in three-month increments. This helps you focus.
• Develop an action plan to get there — what you are going to do. Use books, peers, skill practice, role-plays, classes, conferences. etc. in your plan.
• Review. Set up a review time and make revisions.
• Celebrate all of the good things in your coaching life as well as your milestones as a developing coach.

Question 52

What are some questions that you could ask yourself to evaluate your coaching progress or that of your client?_{<span>18 - 19</span>}

Answer 52

1. What am I learning about myself and others in coaching?
2. Am I modeling wellness? If not, how do I see my role as a coach?
3. What ideas of mine are being challenged in the coaching process?
4. What am I discovering about myself?
5. What are my strengths and weaknesses in working with this client?
6. What mindset works best for me to facilitate my coaching?
7. What stops me from saying what wants to be said?
8. What don’t I understand about my client, and what does this show me about myself?
9. In what ways am I being flexible, rigidk?
10. In what ways am I being supportive or critical?
11. What judgments am I making about my client’s life?
12. What surprises me in coaching?
13. What did I learn about the coaching process?
14. What in coaching makes me the most uncomfortable?