Chapter 1 — Part 1 Flashcards
★What is the definition of coaching? 1
◊ A vehicle for helping people to achieve a higher level of well-being and performance in life and work, particularly when change is hard.
◊ A growth-promoting relationship that elicits autonomous motivation, increases the capacity to change, and facilitates a change process through visioning, goal setting, and accountability, which at best leads to a sustainable change for good.
◊ A partnership with clients and a thought-provoking and creative process that inspires and supports them to maximize their personal and professional potential.
★What is the responsibility of the health and wellness coach as defined by the ICF? (Any coach) 2
ICF — 2014
♣ Discover, clarify, and align with what the client wants to achieve
♣ Encourage client self-discovery
♣ Elicit collaborative and client-generated solutions and strategies
♣ Hold the client responsible and accountable
How does Health and Wellness Coaching differ from Life Coaching and Executive Coaching? 2
Health and Wellness Coaching:
The primary focus is to help clients establish health-promoting mental and physical behaviors that are aligned with evidence-based guidelines in fitness, nutrition, weight management, health risk, stress management, and life satisfaction.
Life and Executive Coaches:
Are most typically focused on aligning personal and professional goals and values with — improving well-being and performance in life and work. This is their primary focus even though they may help with a health and wellness issues.
What are characteristics of all masterful coaches — no matter what their specialty area? 1
All coaches are collaborative and co-creative partners in clients’ journeys to reach their vision and goals.
♣ Facilitate the client’s own self-discovery and forward momentum
♣ Master health, wellness, and other life domains and develop the confidence to sustain one’s well-being
♣ Use evocative, less frequently didactic, approaches with clients.
♣ Do more listening than talking.
♣ Do more asking than telling.
♣ Do more reflecting then commenting.
In what areas of their lives, do professional health and wellness coaches help clients grow or optimize their health? 2
Professional health and wellness coaches form partnerships with clients to optimize health and well-being by developing and sustaining healthful lifestyles.
Help clients enhance: ♣ Self-motivation ♣ Self-regulation ♣ Leverage strengths ♣ Navigate a journey of change ♣ Build other psychological resources to change for good — including mindfulness, self-awareness, positivity, hope, optimism, self-efficacy, and resiliency. — Frates & Moore (2011)
What are outcomes delivered by coaches? 2
♣ Increased self-awareness and self-knowledge
♣ Increased personal responsibility
♣ Acquisition of new knowledge and skills
♣ Attainment of personal and professional goals
♣ Sustainable behavior change
♣ Increased life satisfaction
♣ Increased self-efficacy
♣ Developed sense of purpose and meaning
♣ Becoming one’s best self
*Coaches are focused on self-care reform. (Gregory, 2013)
H & W Coaches — Help clients enhance: ♣ Self-motivation ♣ Self-regulation ♣ Leverage strengths ♣ Navigate a journey of change ♣ Build other psychological resources to change for good — including mindfulness, self-awareness, positivity, hope, optimism, self-efficacy, and resiliency. — Frates & Moore (2011)
Why are professional coaches needed in the areas of physical and mental wellness? 2 - 4
One of the key things that we do it to help clients —> Navigate from Point A - Point B = where they want to be. Figure 1.1 Page 3
The Situation — Research shows:
♣ Lifestyle-related chronic diseases, heart disease, stroke, and — account for 50% of deaths 3
♣ Obesity, prediabetes, and diabetes — are reaching epidemic levels of prevalence in the U.S.
♣ Health care costs associated with lifestyle-related chronic disease — are estimated to be 75% of total costs — and growing rapidly with an aging population engaged in unhealthy lifestyles. (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2013).
♣ Fewer than 5% of adults — engage in the top health behaviors. (Berrigan, Dodd, Troiano, Krebs-Smith, & Barbash, 2003)
♣ Only 20% of adults are thriving. (Kobau, Sniezek, Zack, Lucas, & Burns, 2010)
♣ The Impact on Weight Loss Counseling — When Physicians were trained in MI techniques. Pollak, 2010
* MI Technique Physicians: Clients lost an average of 3.5 lbs three months later. * Expert Approach: Clients gained or maintained their weight.
With mounting evidence of the impact/role of chronic negative emotions impairing the brain’s ability to learn and change in the present moment, and accelerating the onset of chronic diseases and early death (Cole, 2012), — what are behavior interventions that coaches can do? 3
♣ Stress management
♣ Mindfulness practices —> improve emotional regulation and have been shown to ameliorate a growing number of medical conditions (Marchand, 2012).
♣ Positive emotions and shared positive emotions in caring relationships — improve mental and physical health (Fredrickson, 2013).
♣ Importance of meaning and higher purpose in life — Research is beginning to suggest impairment of gene expression of the immune system in people with a low level of life purpose (Fredrickson at all., 2013).
See
♣ LifeStyle Medicine at www.lifestylemedicine.org
♣ Institute of Lifestyle Medicine at www.instituteoflifestylemeidine.org.
♣ Lifestyle Medicine textbook (Rippe, 2013) includes a chapter on health and wellness coaching.
★Despite the widespread knowledge about the serious risks of unhealthy lifestyles, many continue unhealthy habits or pursue quick fixes that don’t last. What drives this behavior? 4
Confidence: Most people are not confident in their ability to lose weight or change their lifestyles. Navigating the inevitable obstacles to making changes, including confusion, resistance, and ambivalence, is challenging. Most people do not believe they can reform their self-care or master their health and wellness.
Enormous Gap: People want to be well, to be in control of their health and have more energy. But there is an enormous gap between wanting to be well and the everyday reality of living with the physical and mental health consequences of overeating, under-exercising, and having too little down time to recharge one’s batteries.
New Life Skills Needed: New life skills are needed to develop a personal blueprint for well-being and become confident in one’s ability to implement it. Most don’t believe that they are able to master these life skills.
★Why might someone choose bariatric surgery over lifestyle management techniques for health weight loss? 4
Lack of Confidence: Lack of confidence in one’s ability to implement healthier behaviors (Elfhag & Rossner, 2005)
★Distinguish between the coach approach and the expert approach to learning and growth. 5, Table 1.1 6
Coach Approach:
♣ Accept and meet clients where they are today
♣ Ask clients to take cha Guide clients in doing the mindful thinking, feeling, and doing work that builds confidence
♣ Help clients define a higher purpose for health well-being
♣ Uncover a client’s natural impulse to be well
♣ Support clients in tapping into their innate fighting spirit
♣ Address mental and physical health together
♣ Assist clients to draw their own health and wellness blueprint
♣ Encourage clients to set and achieve realistic goals (small victories lay the foundation for self-efficacy
♣ Harness the strength needed to overcome our obstacles
♣ Reframe obstacles as opportunities to learn and grow
♣ Enable clients to build a support team
♣ Inspire and challenge clients to go beyond what they would do alone
Expert Approach: Table 1.1 Page 6
♣ Authority ♣ Educator ♣ Defines agenda ♣ Feels responsible for Client’s health ♣ Solves problems ♣ Focuses on what’s wrong ♣ Has the answers ♣ Interrupts if off topic ♣ Works harder than the client ♣️ Wrestles with the client
In transitioning from the expert to the Coach approach, many coaches report the challenges as well as the rewards of:
♣ Asking questions with a beginner’s mind — not assuming that they already know the answers
♣ Not making decisions and judgment calls quickly, but allowing clients the chance to go deeper and get to important topics
♣ Not thinking about what to say next, but instead listening for a dangling thread hanging off a client’s last words.
♣ Not generating quiet resistance with even a hint of know-it-all energy
♣ Reading, respecting, and working with client’s emotions as possible guideposts to insights
♣ Not rushing clients through their “muck,” but instead compassionately helping them sit there until the desire to change gains energy
Thomas Gordon identified 12 ways that do not demonstrate the coach approach. List them. 7
12 Ways of being that do not demonstrate a coach approach
- Ordering, directing, or commanding
- Warning, cautioning, or threatening
- Giving advice, making suggestions, or providing solutions
- Persuading with logic, arguing, or lecturing
- Telling people what they should do; moralizing
- Disagreeing, judging, criticizing, or blaming
- Agreeing, approving, or praising
- Shaming, ridiculing, or labeling
- Interpreting or analyzing
- Reassuring, sympathizing, or consoling
- Questioning or probing
- Withdrawing, distracting, humoring, or changing the subject
★Distinguish between coaching and therapy. 20 - 21
Coaching and therapy are synergistic and different interventions that overlap in their use of tools and skills. They are similar in that both coaches and therapists deliver a solution-focused, positive, and future-oriented therapy models. 20
Coaching/Coaches 20, 21
♣ Work with clients who are not experiencing serious mental distress — to build a better future
♣ Not clinical diagnosticians
♣ Do not focus on improving a clinically diagnosed condition
♣ Have promise as an adjunct to mental health interventions
♣ Supports personal and professional growth based on self-initiated change in the pursuit of specific actionable outcomes. These outcomes are linked to personal or professional success.
♣ Future focused 21
♣ Primary focus is — creating actionable strategies for achieving specific goals in one’s work or personal life. 21
♣ The emphasis is on — action, accountability, and follow-through 21
Therapy 20
♣ Clients in distress and help them heal small and large emotional traumas and/or manage mental health conditions and dysfunctional mental patterns. The focus is often on resolving difficulties from the past that impair emotional functioning in the present.
♣ Clinical diagnosticians
★What considerations assist coaches in knowing whether a coaching relationship is functioning effectively? 9
- Client is working at least as hard as coach.
- The client is talking more than the coach.
- The clients first try to find answers for themselves.
- Ask permission to give expert advice, if you think it might be beneficial, so that the client is still in control.
- Brainstorm three choices with the client so that the client taps into her own creativity and is the decision maker.
- Speak less and speak simply — deliver only one question or reflection at a time.
- At every turn conversation, stop and consider how to use the coach approach (inquiry/reflections) with the client before offering an expert approach.
- Balance questions with reflections. Then the client doesn’t feel interrogated.
- Use silence to elicit deeper thinking.
What is the value of coaching? 2
This is my answer: Help the client develop, increase, and implement —
Self-Efficacy + Autonomy
Professional health and wellness coaches form partnerships with clients to optimize health and well-being by developing and sustaining healthful lifestyles.
Help clients enhance: ♣ Self-motivation ♣ Self-regulation ♣ Leverage strengths ♣ Navigate a journey of change ♣ Build other psychological resources to change for good — including mindfulness, self-awareness, positivity, hope, optimism, self-efficacy, and resiliency. — Frates & Moore (2011)
All Masterful Coaches — No Matter Their Focus: All coaches are collaborative and co-creative partners in clients’ journeys to reach their vision and goals.
♣ Facilitate the client’s own self-discovery and forward momentum
♣ Master health, wellness, and other life domains and develop the confidence to sustain one’s well-being
♣ Use evocative, less frequently didactic, approaches with clients.
♣ Do more listening than talking.
♣ Do more asking than telling.
♣ Do more reflecting then commenting.
