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Micro > Chapter 1-Microbe World > Flashcards

Chapter 1-Microbe World Flashcards

0
Q

Only a few microorganisms are ______

A

Pathogenic

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1
Q

Organisms that are too small to be seen with the unaided eye

A

Microorganisms

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2
Q

Disease causing organisms

A

Pathogenic

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3
Q

Microbes present on and in the human body

A

Normal microbiota

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4
Q

Microbes ______ a lot of materials

A

Decompose

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5
Q

Microbes can produces _____ in ways such as photosynthesis

A

Nutrients

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6
Q

Microbes produce ____ like ethanol and acetone

A

Chemicals

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7
Q

Microbes produces _____ ______ like bread, cheese, and vinegar.

A

Fermented food

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8
Q

Microbes produce _____ products like cellulase

A

Manufacturing

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9
Q

Microbes can also provide _____ like insulin

A

Disease treatment

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10
Q

The use of microbes to produce foods and chemicals and is centuries old

A

Biotechnology

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11
Q

A new technique for biotechnology

A

Recombinant DNA technology

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12
Q

Enables bacteria and fungi to produce a variety of proteins, including vaccines and enzymes

A

Recombinant DNA technology

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13
Q

Study of bacteria

A

Bacteriology

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14
Q

Study of fungus

A

Mycology

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15
Q

Study of parasites

A

Parasitology

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16
Q

Study of viruses

A

Virology

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17
Q

Study of immune system

A

Immunology

18
Q

Bacteria, Protozoa, archaea, fungus, algae, viruses, multicellular animal parasites

A

Types of microorganisms

19
Q

Who was the first life on earth?

A

Ancestors of bacteria

20
Q

The first microbes were observed in

A

1673

21
Q

Reported that living things are composed of little boxes or cells

A

Robert Hooke

22
Q

All living things are composed of cells and come from preexisting cells

A

Cell theory

23
Q

Describes live microorganisms and is known as the father or microbiology

A

Anton Von Leeuwenhoek

24
Q

Said cells arise from preexisting cells

A

Rudolf Virchow

25
Q

The hypothesis that living organisms arise from nonliving matter or a vital force forms of life

A

Spontaneous generation

26
Q

The hypothesis that living organisms arise from preexisting life

A

Biogenesis

27
Q

What happened in Francesco Redi’s experiment?

A

Decaying meat in jars. W/fine net= no maggots; w/out net=maggots. Maggots came from flies. Proved biogenesis.

28
Q

Demonstrated that microorganisms are present in the air

A

Louis Pasteur

29
Q

Heat up things to kill harmful bacteria inside

A

Pasteurization

30
Q

What about Pasteur’s experiment?

A

Used a long necked flask. Bent flask showed no sign of microbe growth, even after long pds of time

31
Q

Beginning with Pasteur’s work, what happened?

A

Scientist started proving that microbes were the cause of disease

32
Q

Used a chemical disinfectant to prevent surgical wound infections

A

Joseph Lister

33
Q

Proved that bacterium amuses anthrax and provided steps to prove a specific microbe causes a specific disease

A

Robert Koch

34
Q

The steps that prove a specific microbe causes a specific disease

A

Koch’s postulates

35
Q

Inoculated a person with cowpox who was then protected from smallpox

A

Edward Jenner

36
Q

Derived from vacca, for cow

A

Vaccination

37
Q

Protection from disease

A

Immunity

38
Q

Discovered the first antibiotic

A

Alexander Fleming

39
Q

Observed that penicillium fungus made an antibiotic, penicillin, that killed S. Aureus

A

Alexander Fleming

40
Q

In what year was penicillin tested clinically and mass produced

A

1940s

41
Q

Treatment with chemicals

A

Chemotherapy

42
Q

Chemo therapeutic agents can be either _____ or ______

A

Synthetic drugs, antibiotic

43
Q

Chemicals produced by bacteria and fungi that inhibit or kill other microbes

A

Antibiotics

Micro (10 decks)

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