Chapter 1- Introduction Flashcards
1
Q
What is anatomy?
A
- the study of structure
- greek for “to cut up” or “cut open”
- physiology is the study of function
2
Q
Microscopic
A
- a.k.a. histology
- structures too small to be seen with unaided eye
3
Q
Gross
A
-structures that can be seen with the unaided eye
4
Q
Structural organization of human body
A
- atoms
- molecules
- organelles
- cells
- tissues
- organs
- organ systems
- organism
5
Q
Anatomical position
A
- standing upright
- feet parallel and on the floor
- head level and looking forward
- arms at side of body
- palms facing forward and thumbs pointing away from body
6
Q
Section
A
- used to visualize internal and 3-D anatomy of body parts relative to each other
- an actual cut or slice through a structure
- or a piece removed by slicing through a structure
7
Q
Planes
A
- used to visualize internal and 3-D anatomy of body pats relative to each other
- imaginary flat surfaces passing through the body or an organ
- there are 3 standard anatomical planes
8
Q
Anatomical planes
A
Coronal (frontal)- divides the body into anterior and posterior
Transverse (horizontal)- divides into superior and inferior
Midsagittal (median)- divides into equal left and right halves. other sagittal planes divide into unequal parts.
9
Q
Anatomical directions
A
- anterior vs posterior (ventral vs dorsal)
- superior vs inferior
- medial vs lateral
- proximal vs distal
- superficial vs deep
10
Q
Axial skeleton
A
head, neck, trunk
11
Q
Appendicular
A
upper and lower limbs (appendages)
including hip bones, clavicle and scapula
12
Q
Cranial cavity
A
formed by skull bones
13
Q
Vertebral cavity
A
formed by vertebral bones
14
Q
Posterior cavities
A
- cranial cavity
- vertebral cavity
15
Q
Ventral cavities
A
- thoracic cavity
- abdominopelvic cavity
- separated by diaphragm
