Chapter 1 Enzymes Flashcards
What are enzymes
Enzymes are catalysts produced by living things
What is a substrate
A molecule that changed in the reaction
What is the active site in the enzyme
The part where it joins onto its substrate to catalyse the reaction
How many enzymes work with a single substrate
One they are very specific for their certain substrate
How does the enzyme fit into the substrate
The one specific substrate has to fit into the active site in the enzyme otherwise if it doesn’t fit the reaction will not be catalysed. This ‘lock and key’ mechanism is used becuase the enzyme fits into the substrate like a lock and key
What changes the rate of a enzyme catalysed reaction
Changing the temperature
What happens if the reactions temperature gets too hot
Some of the bonds holding the enzyme together break.
This changes the shape of the active site meaning the substrate won’t fit anymore. This enzyme has become DENATURED
What also affects the enzymes
The ph
How does the ph interfere with the enzyme
It changes the shape of the active site aswell and denatures the enzyme
Other than temperature and ph what also affects the rate of the reaction
Substrate concentration
The higher the substrate concentration
The faster the rate of the reaction however the active site has limit and can become saturated with substrate molecules
What is the usual ph enzymes work best at
Ph 7 neutral
What does the enzyme AMYLASE do
It catalysed the breakdown of starch to malt rose ( this is used in the experiment for starch )
How do you calculate rate of reaction
Rate =1000/time (s)
What other job do enzymes do
Break down molecules
