Chapter 1- Communication Flashcards
Four Parts of Communication
- Process of(means ongoing)
- Human Beings(involves people)
- Responding to the Symbolic Behavior(meaning gestures, looks, people in behavior need to operate under same definitions for meaning)
- Of Other People(involves someone else)
Five Types of Communication
intrapersonal- communication with oneself
dyadic/interpersonal- 2 or 3 people communicating equally
small group- everyone person participates actively
public- public speaking, 1 speaker with multiple receivers
mass- messages given to large audiences through broadcast or print media
Four Reasons Why We Communicate
physical needs(food water, shelter)
identity needs(we become who we are through communication, affirms or rejects our idea of who we are, people who have little communication have no identity or self)
social needs
practical needs- employment
Relational Dimension
2 dimensions- content(just words) and relational(how communicators feel about each other)
should focus on both
Dialectical Tensions
our relationship in that moment
Linear Model(7 bullet points)
sender(encoder), message(stimulus that provides meaning), channel(mode/way message travels), receiver(decoder of message), noise(interference with effective transmission and reception of a message)
mass media an example of Linear Model
drawback- no chance for feedback(receiver’s verbal and nonverbal responses), listeners become passive rather than active
3 Types of Channel Changing
channel rich- incorporates multiple channels besides words(like gestures, facial expressions, posture, tone)
channel lean- only 1 channel with no non verbal clues(texting, email)
disinhibiting- spontaneous and looser, but impersonal
4 Types of Noise
Linear Model includes actual noise, environmental distractions(weather), biological noise(sweat, pounding heart, butterflies), psychological noise(bias, assumptions, preconceptions), semantic noise(confusing or distracting word choice)
Transactional Model
recognizes everyone is a receiver and a sender, not just one
communications affects all parties that are involved
dimensions of messages- content and relational
Communication Competence(5 bullet points)
engaging in communication with others that is effective and appropriate in context
ability to get what you want out of conversation that maintains the relationship on acceptable terms
context- environment in which communication occurs, who(sender/receiver) communicates what(message) to whom(receiver/sender) why(message), where(setting), when(time) and how(channel)
context is created by rules(society and relationship make rules)
violating rules undercuts message
Achieving Communication Competence
learning the rules
communication skill- successful behavior of a communication behavior(speaking clearly)
must be flexible and adaptable in communication
sensitivity- receptive accuracy where we discover, translate, and understand signals in our environment , helps adapt message to particular context
showing commitment- attitude Is as important as aptitude
ethics- system for judging moral behavior through an agreed upon standard of what is right and wrong behavior, typically consists of respect, honesty, fairness, choice, responsibility
5 ways to achieve communication competence- build knowledge, develop skills, increase sensitivity and commitment, and use ethics
Communication Climate(6 bullet points)
cc- the atmosphere we create
constructive cc- openness(willingness to communicate) and supportiveness(confirmation of worth/value of others and willingness to help)
destructive cc- closedness and defensiveness(protective reaction to perceived attack), either deny, counterattack, or withdraw
competition vs cooperation
competition generally doesn’t strengthen relationships(decreases empathy), makes communication hostile
cooperation- leads to team work
Interactive Model
includes environment or fields of experience- includes our living experiences, culture, area
drawback: can’t act as sender or receiver at same time
good for defining texting conversations
