Chapter 1 Classifying Life's diversity (Defs.)

Question 1

The system of giving a two-word Latin name to each species- the first part is the genus and the second part is the species.

Answer 1

Binomial nomenclature

Question 2

The grouping of organisms based on a set of criteria that helps to organize and indicate evolutionary relationships.

Answer 2

Classification

Question 3

Taxonomic group of a closely related species.

Answer 3

Genus (plural genera)

Question 4

The branch of biology that deals with the structure or form of organisms.

Answer 4

Morphology

Question 5

The method of classifying organisms in which species are arranged in categories from most general to most specific.

Answer 5

Hierarchical classification

Question 6

The evolutionary history of a species.

Answer 6

Phylogeny

Question 7

A level in a classification scheme, such as phylum or order.

Answer 7

Rank

Question 8

A group of organisms that can interbreed in nature and produce fertile offspring.

Answer 8

Species

Question 9

A named group of organisms such as phylum Chordata or order Rodentia.

Answer 9

Taxon (plural taxa)

Question 10

The branch of biology that identifies, names, and classifies species based on natural features.

Answer 10

Taxonomy

Question 11

The branch of biology that deals with structure and form, including internal systems. Branch of morphology.

Answer 11

Anatomy

Question 12

An organism (or organisms) from which other groups of organisms are descended.

Answer 12

Ancestor

Question 13

A branching diagram used to show the evolutionary relationships among species.

Answer 13

Phylogenetic tree

Question 14

The branch of biology dealing with the physical and chemical functions of organisms, including internal processes.

Answer 14

Physiology

Question 15

An organism that captures energy from sunlight (or sometimes non-living substances) to produce its own energy-yielding food.

Answer 15

Autotroph

Question 16

An identification tool consisting of a series of two-part choices that lead the user to a correct identification.

Answer 16

Dichotomous key

Question 17

A larger, complex type of cell that does have a membrane-bound nucleus.

Answer 17

Eukaryotic

Question 18

An organism that cannot make its own food and gets its nutrients and energy from consuming other organisms.

Answer 18

Heterotroph

Question 19

A smaller, simple type of cell that does not have a membrane-bound nucleus.

Answer 19

Prokaryotic

Question 20

A type of biological diversity that is exhibited in the variety of structural forms in livings things, from internal cell structure to body morphology.

Answer 20

Structural diversity

Question 21

The variety of ecosystems in the biosphere.

Answer 21

Ecosystem diversity

Question 22

The variety of heritable characteristics (genes) in a population of interbreeding individuals.

Answer 22

Genetic diversity

Question 23

All the genes of all the individuals in a population.

Answer 23

Gene pool

Question 24

A group of individuals of the same species in a specific area at a specific time.

Answer 24

Population

Question 25

The ability of an ecosystem to remain functional and stable in the presence of disturbances to its parts.

Answer 25

Resilience

Question 26

The variety and abundance of species in a given area.

Answer 26

Species diversity