Chapter 1 Chem Quiz

Question 1

Where are the protons and Neutrons found

Answer 1

the nucleus

Question 2

Where are electrons found

Answer 2

orbiting the nucleus

Question 3

What are the charges for a proton, neutron and electron

Answer 3

positive, neutral (no charge), negative

Question 4

Whats a valence electron

Answer 4

an electron in the outermost shell of an atom electrons that are involved in forming chemical bonds

Question 5

When something gains electrons to be stable it becomes ____

Answer 5

negative

ie F-

Question 6

When something loses electrons to be stable it becomes ____

Answer 6

positive

ie Mg+2

Question 7

What is an isotope

Answer 7

Atoms of elements that have the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons

Question 8

What is isotopic abundance

Answer 8

the amount of a given isotope of an element that exists in nature, expressed as a percentage of the total amount of this element

Question 9

What is AMU

Answer 9

atomic mass unit

Question 10

What is the formula for average atomic mass

Answer 10

AVG atomic mass = {mass of isotope 1 x abundance} + {mass of isotope 2 x abundance}

Question 11

Trends with ATOMIC RADIUS

Answer 11

DECREASES across a PERIOD
INCREASES across a GROUP

Question 12

trends with IONIZATION ENERGY

Answer 12

INCREASES across a PERIOD
DECREASES across a GROUP

Question 13

trends with ELECTRON AFFINITY

Answer 13

INCREASES across a PERIOD
DECREASES SLIGHTLY across a GROUP

Question 14

A particle that gains electrons is called a ___

Answer 14

anion

Question 15

trends with ELECTRONEGATIVITY

Answer 15

INCREASES across a PERIOD
DECREASES SLIGHTLY across a GROUP

Question 16

A particle that loses electrons is called a ___

Answer 16

cation

Question 17

how are elements int eh table arranged

Answer 17

atomic mass

Question 18

t or f, a flourine ion has 7 valence electrons

Answer 18

False.

A fluorine ion (F⁻) has 8 valence electrons.

In its neutral state, fluorine has 7 valence electrons, but when it gains an electron to become a fluoride ion (F⁻), it has a full octet with 8 valence electrons.

Question 19

When estimating a missing value for atomic radius how would u do it?

Answer 19

look at the value of the elements before and after, then it has to be a number in between.

ie manganese

Cr 0.118
Mn ______
Fe 0.117

therfrore the atomic radius of this element is between 0.117 and 0.118

Question 20

When estimating a missing value for first ionization energy how would u do it?

Answer 20

look at the value of the elements before and after, then it has to be a number in between.

ie selenium

As 947
Se ____
Br 1140

therfrore the atomic radius of this element is between 947 and 1140

Question 21

How do chemists define the radius of an atom

Answer 21

An atomic radius is obtained by measuring the distance between the nuclei of two identical atoms bonded together and dividing that distance by two. For non-bonding atoms, the van der Waals radius is used, which measures the closest approach between atoms.

Question 22

how does the amount of charge in the nucleus of an atom effect the size of an atom

Answer 22

The amount of charge in the nucleus (the number of protons) affects the size of an atom because a greater positive charge pulls the electrons closer to the nucleus, reducing the atomic radius. As the nuclear charge increases across a period, the atom gets smaller due to stronger attraction between the nucleus and the electrons

Question 23

why does helium not have a third ionization energy

Answer 23

Helium does not have a third ionization energy because it only has two electrons. After both electrons are removed (first and second ionization), there are no more electrons left to ionize. Ionization energy refers to the energy required to remove an electron, so with no remaining electrons, a third ionization energy cannot exist for helium.