Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Grade 10 Science > Biology Test 1, Cell Division > Flashcards

Biology Test 1, Cell Division Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What is an organelle?

A

A subcellular structure that has one or more specific jobs to perform in the cell,

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are the two cell types

A

Plant and animal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is a cell membrane and is it in both cell types?

A
  • A cell membrane controls what comes in and out of a cell. and supports the cell
  • Plant and Animal
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is a cell wall and is it in both cell types?

A
  • The ridged outer layer of a plant cell
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is the cytoplasm and is it in both cell types?

A
  • Gel like fluid where the organelles are found
  • Plant and animal
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Mitochondria

A
  • The powerhouse of the cell
  • It produces all energy the cell needs to carry out its functions
  • Cellular respiration
  • Plant and animal
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Lysosomes

A
  • Uses chemicals to break down food and worn out cell parts
  • Plant and animal
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Vacuoles

A
  • Stores foods, waste, and other materials
  • Plant and animal
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Golgi Bodies

A
  • Golgi bodies receive protein and materials from the ER, package them and distribute them
  • Plant and animal
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Chloroplasts

A
  • Captures energy from the sunlight and uses it to create energy in plant cells
  • Photosynthesis
  • Plant cells
  • What makes a plant green
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Endoplasmic Reticulum

A
  • Has passageways that carry proteins and other materials from one part of the cell to another
  • Plant and animal
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Ribosomes

A
  • Assembles amino acids to create proteins
  • Plant and animal
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Nucleus

A
  • Contains DNA, which controls the functions of the cell and productions of proteins
  • P and A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Nucleolus

A
  • Found inside the nucleas and produces ribosomes
  • Plant and animal
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Chromatin

A
  • Tiny strands inside the nucleus that contain instructions for directing the cells function
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is DNA?

A

A self-replicating material that is present in nearly all living organisms as the main constituent of chromosomes. It is the carrier of genetic information.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What is an enzyme?

A

A protein

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What are the two broad cell categories

A
  • Eukaroyotic and Prokaryotic
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

WHat is each

A

Eukaroyotic:
- Have organelles
- More advanced complex cells
- Ex plant and animal

Prokayortic:
- No nucleus
- Have no membrane enclosed organrelles bit has genetic material

20
Q

WHat does organells mean?

A

Little organ

21
Q

When cells are reayd tp dovode chromatin condesnes into ___

A

Chromosones

22
Q

What are the two types of endoplasmic reticulum (E.R.)

A
  • Rough
  • Smooth
23
Q

What is Cilia

A

Microscopic hair like projections that can move in waves which help trap inhaled particles and expels them when you cough

24
Q

What is Flagella

A
  • Mostly found in bacteria
  • They have a tail that can help the cell move
25
Q

Whats the only human cell with flagella

A
  • Sperm
26
Q

What is osmosis

A

The movement of a fluid (ussually water) across a cell membrance toward a area of high solute

27
Q

what is diffusion

A

the transport mechanism for moving materials in and out of the cell membrane from an area of high concentration to one of lower concentration

28
Q

What is sexual and asexual reprodution

A

S: When one cell from one parent, and one cell from the other parent join and create an offspring with characteristics of both parents (sperm and egg)

A: When single cell organisms divide with only one parent cell. Causing the cell to be 100% genetically the same

29
Q

What is the Cell Cycle

A

The sequence of growth (preparation) and division of a cell

30
Q

What are the three reasons for cell division, explain.

A

Growth: When you as a human grow your cells duplicate

Repair: Every day your body sheds dead cells and you have to recreate them

Reproduction: We need the ability to create new life from pre existing cells and elongate our life with producing duplicate cells from the same one

31
Q

Why do cells divide instead of just getting huge?

A

Bc you need different cells for different things. IF you have one cell and you kill that cell you’re dead.

32
Q

What does DNA stand for

A

DeoxyriboNucliec Acid

33
Q

What is a chromosone

A

Chromosones are made of DNA. Its a bunch of DNa put together

34
Q

How many chromosones does a human have?

A

46

35
Q

What are the functions of proteins?

A

1 structural
2 transportation
3 hormones
4 enzymes
5 antibodies

36
Q

What is a cellullar mutation

A
  • A change in order base pairs of DNA
  • Could be physical damage to DNA in one or many cells
  • Mutations could be inherited by sperm and egg cells
37
Q

What is a mutagen?

A
  • A substance or factor that could cause a mutation
38
Q

Why do cells divide?

A
  • There needs to be new cells for your body to grow and regenerate itslef
  • Their are different types of cells for each body part so you need multiple cells instead of one
39
Q

Interpahse

A
  • 90% of cell cycle
  • G1: growth stage 1
  • Synthesis: DNA duplicates
  • G2: Growtch stage 2, cell grows, cell makes sure it has everything for mitosis
40
Q

Mitosis

A
  • Division of the nucleus
  • Has four stages
  • Doesn’t occur in brain cells
41
Q

What are the stages in mitosis and explain

A

prophase:
- chromatin in nucleus condenses for visible chromosones
- Nuclear membrane and nucleolus dissolve
- Spindle fibres form
- Chromosones are clearly visible

Metaphase:
- Chromosones attach to the spindle fibre
- Chromosones are lined up in the middl e

Anaphase:
- Chromotids are lined up on either side of the cell wall

Telophase:
- Nuclear membrain and nucleuolous reform
- Cell starts pinching in the middle causing a cleavage furrow or cell plate
- Chromosones reappear as chromotin

42
Q

What is cytokenisis

A
  • Division of cytoplasm
  • The identical daughter cell halbes split forming two new cells
43
Q

What are spindle fibres?

A

Protein structures that pull apart genetic material in a cell when the cell divides

44
Q

Reveiw cancer book and stem cell notes

A
45
Q

What is a stem cell?

A

A animal cell that can differentiate into many cell types

46
Q

Two types of stem cells

A

tissue: only can differentiaite to cerain types of cells
- Emryonic: Can differentiate to any cell

Grade 10 Science (18 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions