Chapter 1 - Atoms And The Periodic Table Flashcards
Does the reactivity increase or decrease when you go down Group 1
Increase
What are the elements in group 2 (6)
- Magnesium
- Barium
- Calcium
- Strontium
- Barium
- Radium
Does the reactivity increase or decrease going down Group 2
Increase
What are the properties of Group 2 Metals (4)
- soft metals
- silver (like group 1)
- higher densities than group 1
- less reactive than group 1
How many electrons are in the outer shell of Group 1 and 2
Group 1 = 1 electron
Group 2 = 2 electrons
What is an anion
Anion - an atom that gains electrons when it reacts
What is a Cation
Cation - an atom which loses an electron for the outer shell when it reacts
How do you test for halide ions
- Silver nitrate + dilute nitric acid added to bromine, iodine and chlorine
Chlorine = white precipitate Iodine = yellow precipitate Bromine = cream precipitate
How to test for transition Iron(II)+(III) and Copper
- Add sodium hydroxide
Iron(II) = green solution Iron(III) = orange/brown solution Copper = blue solution
What is produced when group 1 metals react with water
A metal hydroxide and hydrogen
What are the properties of Halogens (6)
- low boiling point
- low melting point
- non-metals
- form acids when combines with hydrogen
- very reactive
- most reactive with group 1 metals
What are the different ways of separating mixtures (5)
- Filtration
- Crystallisation
- Distillation
- Fractional distillation
- Chromatography
What is the purpose of Fractional Distillation
Fractional Distillation - separates two or more liquids that have different boiling points
Does the reactivity increase or decrease when you go down group 7
Decrease
What is the purpose of Filtration
Filtration - separating an insoluble solid from a liquid
What are the Group 2 Metals called
Earth Alkaline Metals
What is Crystallisation used for
Crystallisation - separates a soluble solid from a dissolved liquid
What are the properties of the transition metals (5)
- good conductors of heat and energy
- malleable
- ductile
- high melting points
- less reactive than group 1 and 2
What is the purpose of distillation
Distillation - separates a liquid from a dissolved solid
What is the purpose of Chromatography
Chromatography - separates two or more dissolved solids from a solution
What are the elements in group 7 (4)
- Chlorine
- Bromine
- Iodine
- Fluorine
What is a negative and positive ion
Negative ion - an atom that gains an electron, it results in a negative charge
Positive ion - when an atom loses an electron, it gains a positive charge
Sing the periodic table song (6)
- Dalton - law of triads
- Newlands - law of octaves
- Mendeleev - similar properties and rising atomic weight
- Lord Rayleigh - Noble Gases
- Ernest Rutherford - atomic number
- Glenn Seaborg - elements 94-102
Name all the elements in group 1 (6)
- Potassium
- Sodium
- Lithium
- Rubidium
- Caesium
- Francium
