Chapter 1: Aspects of Human Behavior Flashcards
Quantitative method of research
Use quantifiable numbers. Statistical methods to look for patterns.
Preferred by positivists.
Interpreting perspective/
Constructivist perspective
Reality is based on people’s definition of it.
Clock time
Use time orientation to describe extent individuals are invested in linear time (past, present, future).
Clock determines when things begin and end.
Event time
Schedule determined by events.
Time: constants
Move invariably in one direction.
ie aging process
Objective reality
Reality that exists outside of a persons consciousness.
Qualitative methods of research.
Flexible and experiential.
Designed to capture how participants view social life.
Deductive reasoning
Theories form it by laying out general, abstract propositions that we can use to generate specific hypothesis to test in unique situations.
Diversity
Patterns of group differences.
Heterogeneity
Individual level differences.
Differences among individuals.
Theory
A logically interrelated set of concepts and propositions organized into a seductive system, which explains relationships between aspects of the world.
Environmental dimensions:
Exosystem
Linkages between Microsystems and larger institutions that affect the system.
(ie workplace, child‘s school, church)
Time: shifts
Sudden abrupt changes in direction.
Life events
Events that are brief in scope but can have serious and Lon lasting effects.
Dimension
A feature that can be focused on separately but that can not be understood without also considering other features.
Biopsychosocial approach
Behavior is considered to be the result of interactions of integrated biological, psychological, and social systems.
Environmental dimensions:
Microsystems
Direct face to face contact between members.
Positivist perspective
The world has an order than can be discovered.
Findings of one study should be applied to other groups.
Time:
Trends
Move in general direction but are not as invariable as constants.
(Ex: diversity in US)
Time:
Cycle
Reverse direction repetitively.
Cycles of behavior can reoccur in different patterns (daily, monthly etc.)
Determinism
Human behavior is determined by forces beyond the control of the person.
Voluntarism
Persons are free and proactive agency’s in creation of their behavior.
Environmental dimensions:
Macro system
He broader influences of culture, subculture, social structure.
Multidimensional approach
Thinking about human behavior as changing configurations of person and environment over time.
Privilege
Unearned advantages
Didactic relationships
Relationships between two people
Acculturation
Process of changing ones culture by incorporating elements of another culture.
Assumptions
Beliefs held to be true without testing or proof about nature of human social life.
Propositions
Theoretical concepts put together
Environmental dimensions:
Mesosystems
Are networks of Microsystems of a given person.
Concepts
Building blocks of theory
Empirical research
Purposeful, systematic observation of events with intent to note and record them to look for patterns to make public.
Post positivism
Philosophical position that recognizes the complexity of reality and the limitations of human behavior.
Subjective reality
Reality is based on personal perception.
