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chapter 1 Flashcards

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Sociology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What is Sociology?

A

The systematic study of human society.

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2
Q

What is marginality?

A

Living on the outside of society, feeling isolated, like an outsider.

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3
Q

Why is global prospective important?

A

What happens around the world effects the U.S. with international trading and technology.

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4
Q

What is the theoretical approach?

A

image of society that guides our thinking and research; how and why facts are related.

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5
Q

What is the structural functional approach?

A

theory that sees society as a complex system whose parts work together; in stable and orderly patterns of behavior.

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6
Q

What is Robert Merton known for?

A

He expanded understanding in social functions.

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7
Q

What is Lenore Weitzman known for?

A

Her study on effects of divorce.

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8
Q

Who coined the term sociology?

A

Auguste Comte in 1838

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9
Q

What is Herbert Spencer known for?

A

comparing sociology to the workings of the human body.

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10
Q

What is the social function “manifest functions”?

A

Recognized and intended consequence of any social pattern.

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11
Q

What is the social function “latent functions”?

A

Unrecognized and unintended consequence of any social pattern.

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12
Q

What is Social Conflict Approach?

A

Points of patterns of inequality that generates conflict and change.

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13
Q

What is “Double Consciousness”?

A

Reflecting their status as citizens who are never able to escape identification by their skin color.

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14
Q

What is Macro level behavior pattern?

A

A Broad focus of behavior patterns that shape society as a whole.

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15
Q

What is Micro Level behavior pattern?

A

individual close up behavior focus of interactions between a specific group of people.

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16
Q

What is the symbolic interaction approach?

A

Seeing society as the product of every day actions of individuals.

17
Q

What is positivist Sociology?

A

Sociology based on scientific observations of social behavior and actions (what they do)

18
Q

What is empirical evidence?

A

Information we can verify by our senses.

19
Q

Definition of Scientific Research system?

A

Logical system, knowledge from direct observation.

20
Q

Definition of Variable Research System?

A

Concept changes from case to case; mental construct that represents some aspect of the world.

21
Q

What is Interpretive Sociology?

A

Like symbolic approach,Deeper approach of people’s understanding of actions and surroundings and meanings they attach to their social world.

22
Q

What is Critical Sociology?

A

To understand the world and seek to improve it/change it. (as the social conflict approach)

.

23
Q

What is Androcentricity?

A

Focus approach from the male prospective.

24
Q

What is Gynocentricity?

A

Focus Approach from the female prospective

25
Q

What is Margaret Eichler Known for?

A

Her gender analysis research.

26
Q

What is Lois Benjamin known for?

A

Her research in diversity.

27
Q

What was the Stanford prison experiment?

A

Is being locked away the cause of prison violence? In this experiment where they had average people in a made up prison pose as prisoners and guards the answer is yes. Being isolated and guards being in a power of authority caused violence.

28
Q

What is Lillian Rubin known for?

A

study on what women wanted in relationships compared by different social classes. Women who made money wanted sensitive men who would talk and share feelings. Women who made less money were looking for men who did not drink, held a job and were not violent.

29
Q

What did Emile Durkheim research?

A

Suicide rates among different social classes and ethnic groups.

30
Q

Karl Marx was known for what approach?

A

Social Conflict. He wanted social justice.

31
Q

What is a theory?

A

A statement of how and why facts are related.

32
Q

What is Harriet Martineau known for?

A

Fought for equality. factory workers right to unionize, and change education for women.

33
Q

What is Jane Adams known for?

A

peace prize winner, founded Hull House a place for immigrants.

34
Q

A correlation is?

A

Two or more variables that change together: cause and effect

35
Q

Independent variable is?

A

Variable that causes change.

36
Q

Dependent Variable is?

A

Variable that changes.

37
Q

What is Spurious correlation?

A

When two variables change but neither one is the cause. False relationship caused by some other variable.

sociology (8 decks)

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