Chapter 1

Question 1

Diet definition?

Answer 1

Usual pattern of food choices.

Question 2

Food definition?

Answer 2

Substance that contains nutrients

Question 3

Nutrients definition?

Answer 3

Chemicals needed for proper body functioning.

Question 4

Nutrition definition?

Answer 4

Study of nutrients and how the body uses them, a newer science.

Question 5

Chemistry definition?

Answer 5

Composition and characteristics of matter and changes that occur to it.

Question 6

Cell definition?

Answer 6

Smallest functional unit of life. Requires nutrients to carry out metabolism.

Question 7

Metabolism definition?

Answer 7

Sum of all chemical reactions in the body.

Question 8

What drives our food choices?

Answer 8

Taste

Question 9

Six classes of nutrients: what is the basic function of carbs?

Answer 9

Food that supplies glucose gives us quick energy is carbs.

Question 10

Six classes of nutrients: what are the basic functions of lipids?

Answer 10

Lipids give us body fat (adipose) to create slow stored energy. Adipose gives us cushion and insulation. Lipids are not fats, fats are a category in lipids.

Question 11

Six classes of nutrients: what is the basic function of proteins?

Answer 11

Proteins are functional and structural. Structurally they help muscles, tissues, and organs. Functionally they help enzymes, hormones, antibrases, buffers, fluid balance, transport fluid, etc.

Question 12

Six classes of nutrients: what is the basic function of vitamins and minerals? * these are two separate classes.

Answer 12

They regulate processes and maintain structures.

Question 13

Six classes of nutrients: what is the basic function of water?

Answer 13

It is the most essential, you can only go a few days without water. Water is a universal solvent and medium for reactions, transports, and elimination. Also, regulates temperature.

Question 14

What are two things that make a nutrient “essential’?

Answer 14

Must be supplied by food and if missing, it causes deficiency disease. Like low in vitamin C you get scurvy. There must be signs and symptoms.

Question 15

Organic vs inorganic nutrients and give examples of each.

Answer 15

Organic nutrients contain carbon and are derived from living organisms. Examples include carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, and vitamins.

Inorganic nutrients do not contain carbon and are derived from nonliving sources. Examples include water and minerals.

Question 16

What is a phytochemical?

Answer 16

It is a non-nutrient, which gives plants their specific color taste an aroma. They can be very valuable to the body, even though they are not essential.

Question 17

What is an antioxidant?

Answer 17

It protects cells in their components from being damaged or destroyed by exposure to certain harmful environmental and internal factors. An example is free radical damage from the sun.