Chapter 1 Flashcards
define evolution
the process of change that has transformed life on earth
what are the 5 unifying themes of biology?
EIEIO: Energy and Matter, Information, Evolution, Interactions, Organization
What are the hierarchal levels from 1-10? Biggest to Smallest
- Biosphere 2. Ecosystems 3. Communities 4. Populations 5. Organisms 6. Organs and Organ Systems 7. Tissues 8. Cells 9. Organelles 10. Molecules
What are emergent properties?
Emergent properties result from the arrangement and interaction of parts within a system, can characterize nonbiological entities
- ex: a bike emerges only when all necessary parts connect correctly
What is a eukaryotic cell and some of its qualities?
A eukaryotic cell has membrane-enclosed organelles and a nucleus with DNA inside
What is a prokaryotic cell and some of it qualities?
A prokaryotic cell is simpler and smaller, has no nucleus or membrane-enclosed organelles (looks like a pill)
What do genes do?
Genes encode information for building the molecules synthesized within the cell, control protein production indirectly
What is gene expression?
Gene expression is the process of converting information from gene to cellular product
Define genomics
Genomics is the study of sets of genes within and between species
Define proetomics
Proteomics is the study of whole sets of proteins encoded by the genome (known as proteomes)
Natural Selection & Evolution Relationship
“The mechanism for evolution is natural selection” meaning, nature selects traits that make you suitable to survive and have offspring, living organisms are modified descendants of common ancestors
What are the 3 domains organisms are divided into?
BAE: Bacteria, Archaea, Eukarya
Which domains make up the prokaryotes?
Bacteria and Archaea
Which domain makes up all eukaryotic organisms?
Eukarya
What are the 3 multicellular kingdoms of Domain Eukarya?
Plants (produce own food), Fungi (absorb nutrients), and Animals (ingest food)
