chapter 1 Flashcards
how many connections does carbon, oxygen, hydrogen, and nitrogen have respectively?
4, 2, 1, 3
glycogenesis is the conversion of
glucose to glycogen
glycogenolysis is the conversion of
glycogen to glucose
gluconeogenesis is the conversion of
a protein to glucose
how much carbohydrates are stored in the body and where
2000kcal total, 1600kcal is stored in the muscles and 400kcal is stored in the liver
what are the four main roles of carbohydrates in the body
- energy source in intense exercise
- preserves tissue protein
- metabolic primer
- fuel for CNS
what is triacylglycerol formed from
glyerol and 3 fatty acids
why does triacylglycerol synthesis increase after a meal
- food absorption increases levels of fatty acids and glucose
- higher levels of insulin circulation
how much energy do we have stored in fat and carbohydrates
50 days stored energy in fat
1 day stored energy in carbohydrates
low density lipoproteins
delivers cholesterol to arterial tissue
high density lipoproteins
reverse cholesterol transport
4 functions of lipids
- energy source and reserve
- protect vital organs
- thermal insulation
- vitamin carrier and hunger supressor
how many kcal from proteins, carbs, and lipids respectively
4, 4, 9
where does energy come from for light to moderate exercise
fatty acids, and carbs, and lipids for moderate
where does energy come from for high intensity exercise
carbs (muscle glycogen because it is right there)
