Chapter 1 Flashcards
Abiotic
composed of non living or inorganic matter
Acculturation
process where an ethnic group is absorbed into a larger society while retaining aspects of distinct identity
Do everything of new culture but keep their cultural traditions- my family
What is the word geography based on?
invented by Greek Erastosthenes
on two Greek words
Geo means “Earth” and “graphy” means “to write”
How do geography and history differ?
a geographer can go to the place
Areal differentiation
geographers look at where things occur, why they are there and how things differ from place to place
Spatial analysis
way to analyze data which includes information about location of places and characteristics, allows for examining spatial attributes of earths surface
Human geographers ask?
“Where are people and activities found on Earth?” and “Why are they there?”
ex- what languages are spoken in Manitoba
what language characteristics vary from place to place
(french spoken in Manitoba vs french spoken in France/ Quebec)
Summarize geography’s five most basic concepts
place region scale space connection
place
is a specific point on Earth distinguished by a particular characteristic.
Each place occupies a unique location or position
region
is an area of Earth distinguished by a particular characteristic
What do geographers use to explain why every place is unique?
place and region
What do geographers use to explain why different places are interrelated?
scale
space
connection
What are the 3 types of regions?
Formal- share a common feature
Functional- defined by activity
Perceptual- ideas we have abt what constitues a region
Ex- canadian praries
Scale
is the relationship between the portion of Earth being studied and Earth as a whole
Geographers are concerned abt global scale
Space
refers to the physical gap or interval between two objects
Not outer space
Connection
refers to relationships among people and objects across the barrier of space
Concerned abt various means through which connections occur
Specially interested between connections of human activity and physical space
Absolute Location
A precise system of locating phenomena in space (e.g. latitude and longitude)- mathematical location
Provides unique description of location
Describes on point on earths surafce
Specific address
Relative Location
The position of a place or activity in relation to other places or activities- sometimes carries social
Neither precise or unique
Can change over time
Ex- winnipeg is located in southern manitoba
780 km southeast of Saskatoon, a little over 215 km east of Brandon and just over 100 km north of the US border- describing winnipeg in terms of other places location
Absolute Direction
non-culture bound(isnt subject to change in different areas), based on the cardinal, or compass, points (e.g. Saskatoon is northwest of Winnipeg and southeast of Edmonton)
Relative Direction
culturally dependent and vary by location (e.g. does Winnipeg truly belong in the West or is it something else? Is La Ronge, Saskatchewan, in the North, or near the North?)
Absolute Distance
absolute spatial separation between two places (i.e. 400 KM)
Relative Distance
non-absolute measurements of separation between places
e.g. eight hours from Winnipeg to Saskatoon)
Cartography
is the science of mapmaking
Reference maps
Show locations of places and geographic features
Use absolute locations
Can be used for a variety of purposes
Look up roads and rivers