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CHM020 - Analytical Methods for Biology > Chapter 0c > Flashcards

Chapter 0c Flashcards

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1
Q
  • material that makes up all things
  • anything that has mass and occupies space
A

matter

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2
Q

2 classification of matter

A
  1. pure substances
  2. mixtures
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3
Q

have fixed or definite composition

A

pure substances

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4
Q

contain two or more different substances that are physically mixed but not chemically combined

A

mixtures

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5
Q

Classification of pure substance

A
  1. element
  2. compound
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6
Q

composed of one type of atom

A

element

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7
Q

composed of two or more elements always combined in the same proportion

A

compound

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8
Q

Classifications of mixtures

A
  1. homogeneous mixture
  2. heterogeneous mixture
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9
Q
  • composition is uniform throughout
  • different parts of the mixture are not visible
A

homogenous mixture

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10
Q
  • composition varies from one part of the mixture to another
  • different parts of the mixture are visible
A

heterogenous mixture

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11
Q
  • have definite shape
  • have definite volume
  • particles are closed together in a fixed arrangement
  • particles move very slowly
A

solids

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12
Q
  • have indefinite shape but definite volume
  • same shape as container
  • particles are close together but mobile
  • particles move slowly
A

liquids

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13
Q
  • indefinite shape
  • indefinite volume
  • same shape and volume as container
  • particles are far apart
  • particles move very fast
A

gases

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14
Q

characteristics observed or measured without changing the identity of substance

A

physical properties

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15
Q

physical properties include what

A
  • shape
  • physical state
  • boiling and freezing points
  • density
  • color
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16
Q
  • change in state
  • change in physical shape
  • no change in identity and composition of substance
A

physical change

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17
Q

describe the ability of a substance to
- interact with other substances
- change into a new substance

A

chemical properties

18
Q
  • change in composition
  • new chemical properties
  • new physical properties
A

chemical change

19
Q
  • measure of how hot or cold an object is compared to another object
  • indicates the heat flow from the object with a higher temperature to the object with a lower temperature
A

temperature

20
Q

temperature scales

A
  • Fahrenheit (°F)
  • Celsius (°C)
21
Q

temperature difference between boiling and freezing water are divided into smaller units called __

A

degrees

22
Q

degrees between the boiling and freezing point of water in Celsius scale

A

100°C

23
Q

degrees between the boiling and freezing point of water in Fahrenheit

A

180°F

24
Q

coldest possible temperature

A

-273°C

25
Q

on Kelvin scale, -273°C is called as __ __

A

absolute zero (0K)

26
Q

°F formula

A

1.8(°C) + 32

27
Q

what does matter undergo when it is converted from one state to another

A

change of state

28
Q

changes from a solid to a liquid

A

melting

29
Q

changes from a liquid to a solid

A

freezing

30
Q

point where a substance changes from solid to liquid

A

melting point (mp)

31
Q

point where a substance changes from liquid to solid

A

freezing point (fp)

32
Q
  • amount of heat released when 1g of liquid freezes
  • amount of heat needed to melt 1g of solid
A

heat of fusion

33
Q

heat of fusion of water conversion

A
  • 80cal / 1g H20
  • 334J / 1 g H20
34
Q

molecules on surface gain sufficient energy to form gas

A

evaporates

35
Q

gas molecules lose energy and form liquid

A

condenses

36
Q
  • all the water molecules acquire enough energy to form a gas (vaporize)
  • bubbles of water vapor appear throughout the liquid
A

boiling

37
Q
  • particles on surface of solid change directly to vapor
  • no change in temperature
A

sublimation

38
Q

occurs when gas particles change directly to solid

A

deposition

39
Q
  • amount of heat absorbed to change 1g of liquid to gas at boiling point
  • amount of heat released when 1g of gas changes to liquid at boiling point
A

heat of vaporization

40
Q

heat of vaporization of water conversion

A
  • 540cal / 1g H2O
  • 2260J / 1g H2O
41
Q

heat released formula (diagonal line)

A

heat = (mass)(temperature change)(specific heat)

CHM020 - Analytical Methods for Biology (22 decks)

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