Chapter 09: Translation Flashcards
What are the three regions of the ribosome?
Peptidyl site (P-site), aminoacyl site (A-site), and exit site (E-site)
What are the three stages of translation?
Initiation, elongation, and termination
What binds to the stop codon of mRNA during translation?
Release factors (RF)
What is the first step of initiation of translation in prokaryotes?
Binding of 16S rRNA in small subunit to Shine-Dalgarno consensus sequence (RBS) in the mRNA
What are polyribosomes?
Groups of ribosomes all actively translating the same mRNA
What is monocystronic mRNA?
An RNA that directs synthesis of a single kind of polypeptide
What are operons?
Groups of bacterial genes that share a single promoter and produce polycistronic mRNAs
What domain has the Shine-Dalgarno sequence on mRNA?
Prokaryota
Define synonym.
Codons that specify for the same amino acid
Define degenerate.
One amino acid specified by multiple codons
What enzyme attaches amino acids to tRNA?
Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase
Every tRNA ends with ________-3’ ________________.
CCA-3’ acceptor stem
Ribosomal subunits perform proof reading activities during translation. [T/F]
False; ribosomal subunits do not perform proof reading activities during translation.
The genetic code can be described as overlapping. [T/F]
False; the genetic code is non-overlapping and contiguous
Modified nucleotide imposing (I) can base pair to pyrimidines only. [T/F]
False; inosine can base pair with pyrimidines and purines.
