Chapter 01 Flashcards
Define progenote.
Common origin of all life on earth
What are the four processes of evolution?
Natural selection, migration, mutation, and random genetic drift
What did Watson and Crick do?
Publish the structure of DNA (anti-parallel, double helix)
What did Rosalind Franklin?
X-ray diffraction of DNA that was basis for Watson/Crick work
What is Chargaff’s rule?
The percentage of adenosine is roughly equally to the percentage of thymine; the percentage of guanine is roughly equally to the percentage of cytosine
What is the role of a phosphodiester bond?
Links nucleotides in the same strand of DNA, from 5’ phosphate group of one to the 3’ hydroxyl group of the other
What is the role of hydrogen bonds?
Connect complementary base pairs on opposite strands of DNA
What is convergent evolution?
Shared characteristics the evolved independently
What’s another term for convergent evolution?
Homoplasy
Define homoplasy.
Shared characteristics that evolved independently
