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CIS101 > Chapter 01: Introduction to the World of Computers > Flashcards

Chapter 01: Introduction to the World of Computers Flashcards

1
Q

Application software

A

Programs that enable users to perform specific tasks on a computer, such as writing letters or playing games; also called apps. (p17)

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2
Q

boot

A

To start up a computer. (p16)

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3
Q

communications

A

The transmission of data from one device to another. (p11)

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4
Q

computer

A

A programmable, electronic device that accepts data input, performs processing operations on that data, and outputs and stores the results. (p10)

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5
Q

computer literacy

A

The knowledge and understanding of basic computer fundamentals. (p6)

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6
Q

computer network

A

A collection of computers and other hardware devices that are connected together to share hardware, software, and data, as well as to communicate electronically with one another. (p27)

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7
Q

data

A

Raw, unorganized facts. (p11)

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8
Q

desktop computers

A

A personal computer designed to fit on or next to a desk. (p21)

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9
Q

domain names

A

A text-based Internet address used to uniquely identify a computer on the Internet. (p30)

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10
Q

Electronic mail

A

Electronic messages sent from one user to another over the Internet or other network. (p34)

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11
Q

e-mail

A

Electronic messages sent from one user to another over the Internet or other network. (p34)

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12
Q

e-mail addresses

A

An Internet address consisting of a username and computer domain name that uniquely identifies a person on the Internet. (p31)

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13
Q

embedded computer

A

A tiny computer embedded in a product and designed to perform specific tasks or functions for that product. (p19)

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14
Q

hardware

A

The physical parts of a computer system, such as the keyboard, monitor, printer, and so forth. (p14)

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15
Q

Hybrid notebook-tablet computers

A

A portable computer designed to function as both a notebook and a tablet PC. (p23)

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16
Q

information

A

Data that has been processed into a meaningful form. (p11)

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17
Q

Input

A

Entering data into the computer. (p10)

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18
Q

Internet

A

The largest and most well-known computer network, linking millions of computers all over the world. (p27)

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19
Q

Internet address

A

An address that identifies a computer, person, or Web page on the Internet, such as an IP address, domain name, or e-mail address. (p29)

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20
Q

Internet appliances

A

A device that can be used to access the Internet. (p24)

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21
Q

Internet service provider (ISP)

A

A business or other organization that provides Internet access to others, typically for a fee. (p27)

22
Q

IP addresses

A

A numeric Internet address used to uniquely identify a computer on the Internet. (p30)

23
Q

Laptop computer

A

A fully functioning portable computer that opens to reveal a screen and keyboard; also called a notebook computer. (p23)

24
Q

mainframe computer

A

A computer used in large organizations (such as hospitals, large businesses, and colleges) that need to manage large amounts of centralized data and run multiple programs simultaneously. (p26)

25
Q

media tablets

A

A mobile device, usually larger than a smartphone, that is typically used to access the Internet and display multimedia content. (p20)

26
Q

Microcomputer

A

A type of computer based on a microprocessor and designed to be used by one person at a time; also called a personal computer. (p21)

27
Q

Midrange server

A

A computer used to host programs and data for a small network. (p25)

28
Q

mobile device

A

A very small device that has built-in computing or Internet capability. (p20)

29
Q

Netbooks

A

A computer that is smaller and has more limited features than a notebook computer. (p23)

30
Q

Notebook computers

A

A fully functioning portable computer that opens to reveal a screen and keyboard; also called a laptop computer. (p23)

31
Q

operating system

A

The main component of system software that enables a computer to operate, manage its activities and the resources under its control, run application programs, and interface with the user. (p16)

32
Q

Output

A

Presenting the results. (p11)

33
Q

personal computer (PC)

A

A type of computer based on a microprocessor and designed to be used by one person at a time; also called a microcomputer. (p21)

34
Q

Portable computers

A

A small personal computer, such as a notebook or tablet, that is designed to be carried around easily. (p23)

35
Q

Processing

A

Performing operations on the data. (p10)

36
Q

server

A

A computer used to host programs and data for a small network. (p25)

37
Q

smartphones

A

A mobile device based on a mobile phone that includes Internet capabilities and can run mobile apps. (p20)

38
Q

software

A

The instructions, also called computer programs, that are used to tell a computer what it should do. (p16)

39
Q

Storage

A

Saving data, programs, or output for future use. (p11)

40
Q

Supercomputers

A

The fastest, most expensive, and most powerful type of computer. (p26)

41
Q

Tablet computers

A

A portable computer about the size of a notebook that is designed to be used with a digital pen. (p23)

42
Q

thin client

A

A personal computer designed to access a network for processing and data storage, instead of performing those tasks locally. (p24)

43
Q

Uniform Resource Locator (URL)

A

An Internet address (usually beginning with http://) that uniquely identifies a Web page. (p30)

44
Q

username

A

A name that uniquely identifies a user on a specific computer network. (p31)

45
Q

virtualization

A

Creating virtual (rather than actual) versions of a computing resource, such as several separate environments that are located on a single server but function as different servers. (p25)

46
Q

Web browser

A

A program used to view Web pages. (p28)

47
Q

Web pages

A

A document, typically containing hyperlinks to other documents, located on a Web server and available through the World Wide Web (p28)

48
Q

Web servers

A

A computer that is continually connected to the Internet and hosts Web pages that are accessible through the Internet. (p28)

49
Q

Web site

A

A collection of related Web pages usually belonging to an organization or individual. (p28)

50
Q

Windows desktop

A

The background work area displayed on the screen for computers running Microsoft Windows. (p16)

51
Q

World Wide Web (WWW)

A

The collection of Web pages available through the Internet. (p28)

CIS101 (17 decks)

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