chapt 8 Thought and Language

Question 1

concept

Answer 1

mental representation of an object/idea/event

Question 2

categories

Answer 2

clusters to specify what you’re thinking of

Question 3

rule-based categorization

Answer 3

categorizing objects/events by certain rules/features

Question 4

graded membership

Answer 4

observation that some concepts make better category members than others

Question 5

exemplar

Answer 5

specific example representing category

Question 6

prototype

Answer 6

mental representation of average category member

Question 7

semantic network

Answer 7

interconnected set up of notes/concepts

Question 8

folk biology

Answer 8

ways people in different cultures think of the natural world

Question 9

linguistic relativity

Answer 9

theory that the language we use determines our understanding of the world

Question 10

aphasia

Answer 10

language disorder, disorder of brain structure

Question 11

brocas area

Answer 11

left frontal lobe region that articulates speech and composes words

Question 12

Wernicke’s area

Answer 12

area of brain associated with finding meaning of words

Question 13

broca’s aphasia

Answer 13

understands question, struggles with speaking

Question 14

language

Answer 14

use of spoken, written, gestured symbols combines

Question 15

phenomes

Answer 15

most basic unit of speech

Question 16

morphemes

Answer 16

smallest meaningful units of a language

Question 17

semantics

Answer 17

words to sentences, study of how we understand the meaning

Question 18

syntax

Answer 18

roles for combining words and morphemes to meaningful phrases

Question 19

pragmatics

Answer 19

study of nonlinguistic elements of language use

Question 20

fast-mapping

Answer 20

ability to map words onto concepts or objects after single exposure

Question 21

cross-fostered

Answer 21

raised as a member of the family of a different species