chapt. 6 Learning

Question 1

learning

Answer 1

behaviour/knowledge changes from experience

Question 2

classical conditioning

Answer 2

associative learning

Question 3

unconditioned stimulus

Answer 3

response from associative learning

Question 4

unconditioned response

Answer 4

reflexive, unlearned reaction to US

Question 5

conditioned stimulus

Answer 5

response from associative learning

Question 6

conditioned response

Answer 6

learned response from CR

Question 7

acquisition

Answer 7

initial learning phase to establish a response

Question 8

extinction

Answer 8

no cause and effect anymore of response

Question 9

spontaneous recovery

Answer 9

returning to previously established conditional response

Question 10

generalization

Answer 10

response also responds to similar stimuli

Question 11

discrimination

Answer 11

doesn’t respond to similar stimulus

Question 12

hebb rule

Answer 12

when weak connection between neurons is stimulated at same time as connection, weak becomes stimulus

Question 13

latent inhibition

Answer 13

frequent experience with stimulus before being paired with US makes it less likely that conditioning will occur after one illness episode

someone afraid of clowns sees them regularly, fears them less over time

Question 14

operant conditioning

Answer 14

behaviour affected by consequences

Question 15

avoidant learning

Answer 15

removing possibility of a negative stimulus (leaving early to beat traffic)

Question 16

escape learning

Answer 16

removes stimulus present (covering ears to loud music)

Question 17

positive punishment

Answer 17

bad stimulus, ultimate good outcomme

Question 18

negative punishment

Answer 18

behaviour stops from negative stimulus

Question 19

shaping

Answer 19

reinforcing specific operant responses

Question 20

chaining

Answer 20

linking shaped behaviours

Question 21

primary and secondary reinforcers

Answer 21

primary: survival (food, shelter)
secondary: social media

Question 22

continuous and partial reinforcement

Answer 22

continuous: every response=result
partial=reward only sometimes

Question 23

fixed-ratio and fixed-interval schedule

Answer 23

fixed-ratio: reinforcement delivered after # of responses

fixed-interval: first response occurs after set amount of TIME

Question 24

latent learning

Answer 24

learning not expressed by a response until organism is reinforced

Question 25

observational learning

Answer 25

changes in behaviour from watching another (intentional)

Question 26

mirror neurons

Answer 26

in human brain that understands human behaviour