chapt. 1 intro to psych

Question 1

what is psychology?

Answer 1

scientific study of behaviour, thought, and experiences and how they can be affected by physical, social, environmental factors

Question 2

the scientific method

Answer 2

collecting observations, developing theories, making predictions

Question 3

hypothesis

Answer 3

testable prediction, must be falsifiable (accurate enough to be proven false)

Question 4

pseudoscience

Answer 4

an idea presented as science, but doesn’t use scientific thinking/procedure

Question 5

difference between a theory and a hypothesis?

Answer 5

the theory is an explanation for a broad range of observations that generates the hypothesis

Question 6

scientific literacy

Answer 6

ability to analyze scientific information and apply it

Question 7

principle of parsimony

Answer 7

simplest of all explanations should be the one we accept

Question 8

what is nature vs nurture?

Answer 8

nature=hereditary
nurture=environment

Question 9

Empirisicm

Answer 9

knowledge comes from Experience

Question 10

determinism

Answer 10

cause/effect relationship determine events

Question 11

zeitgeist

Answer 11

general set of beliefs from a time zone

Question 12

dualism

Answer 12

mind + soul are separate

Question 13

psychophysics

Answer 13

how physical energy relates to psychological experiences

Question 14

clinical psych

Answer 14

field studying diagnosis/treatments of disorders

Question 15

placebo

Answer 15

improvement of health, not scientific (made up by mind)

Question 16

confounding variable

Answer 16

outside of researchers control

Question 17

independent variable

Answer 17

cause, manipulated by researcherd

Question 18

dependant variable

Answer 18

effect, observation recorded

Question 19

bipsychosocial model

Answer 19

explaining behaviour as a product from biological, psychological, and sociological + sociocultural factors

Question 20

who was sigmund freud, and what did he believe?

Answer 20

found that hypnosis cured hysterical paralysis, believes we have an unconscious mind with forgotten episodes from our childhood that wants us to act on impulses

Question 21

psychoanalysis

Answer 21

an explanation of how behaviour and personality are influenced by unconscious processes

Question 22

concept of eminence

Answer 22

combination of ability, morality, and achievement

Question 23

structuralism

Answer 23

analyzing conscious experience by understanding how the basic elements work together

Question 24

behaviouralism

Answer 24

study of person’s behaviour and how the environment factors in

Question 25

hebb’s law

Answer 25

“cells that fire together wire together”

become associated when fired at the same time