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English L2 > Chapitre 13 > Flashcards

Chapitre 13 Flashcards

1
Q

pollué par les gaz d’échappement

pollué par des émissions/vapeurs toxiques

A

polluted by exhaust fumes

pollutes by noxious fumes

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2
Q

un trou dans la couche d’ozone

A

a hole in the ozone layer

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3
Q

les sprays/aérosols sont des pollueurs

A

sprays are polluters

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4
Q

principe du pollueur payeur

A

polluter pays principle

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5
Q

un pot catalytique

A

a catalytic converter/muffler

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6
Q

un filtre à air

A

an air cleaner

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7
Q

pollution de la vie marine

A

polluting or poisoning of marine life

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8
Q

pollués par les algues vertes

A

polluted by green algae

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9
Q

un renforcement des normes de la pollution des eaux

A

a tightening of water pollution standards

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10
Q

protection de la couche/calotte glacière

A

preserving the ice sheet/or ice cap

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11
Q

glace flottante

A

ice floe

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12
Q

les inondations

A

floods or flooding

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13
Q

personnes obligées de quitter leur habitation (pour cause d’inondation)

A

people flooded out of their homes

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14
Q

(rivière) être en crue, déborder

A

to be in flood

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15
Q

rivière sortant de son lit

A

river overflowing its banks

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16
Q

la marée montante

la marée descendante

A

the flood/rising tide

the ebb tide/ebb

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17
Q

le déluge

A

flood

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18
Q

construire ou ériger des murs/des digues/des barrières de retenue

A

build/erect flood walls/barriers

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19
Q

les eaux se sont retirées

A

the flood waters have receded

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20
Q

des zones ou régions inondables

A

floodable areas

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21
Q

la fonte des neiges ou des glaces

A

thawing/melting the snow or ice

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22
Q

des congères

A

snowdrifts

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23
Q

la mariculture, la pisciculture

A

sea farming

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24
Q

une mer démontée

A

a raging/stormy sea

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25
Q

(sens figuré) ne rien connaître à qqch

A

to be at sea

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26
Q

déversement en mer

A

dumping at sea

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27
Q

une station d’épuration

A

a water treatment plant

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28
Q

un conduit d’évacuation

A

a drain

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29
Q

chlorer l’eau

A

to chlorinate water

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30
Q

tempête de neige

A

blizzard

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31
Q

une usine marémotrice exploite la force motrice des marées

A

a tidal power station hardnesses the power of tides

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32
Q

lit de rivière encombré d’algues

A

river bed choked with weeds

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33
Q

des eaux usées

A

the sewage

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34
Q

eaux d’égouts brutes

A

raw sewage

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35
Q

un champ d’épandage

A

a sewage farm

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36
Q

assainissement

A

drainage, sewerage

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37
Q

ramassage des ordures

A

garbage collection/rubbish

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38
Q

méthanier

A

gas carrier

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39
Q

la présence de phosphates entraîne une augmentation des algues

A

algae populations increase rapidly when phosphates are present

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40
Q

prolifération des algues

A

algae bloom

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41
Q

les algues forment des “tapis” flottants qui empêchent la lumière de pénétrer et entravent la croissance d’autres organismes

A

algae form floatings mats which block out the light and inhibit the growth of other organisms

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42
Q

le ruissellement des engrais phosphates polluent l’eau

A

fertilizer runoff pollutes the water

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43
Q

fuites dues à des robinets entartrés

A

leakage from scaled water taps

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44
Q

un incendiaire

A

a fire-raiser

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45
Q

un incendiaire, un pyromane

A

an arsonist

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46
Q

coupe-feu/ pare feu

A

firebreak/firewall

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47
Q

chauffage central au gaz

A

gas-fired central heating

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48
Q

centrale fonctionnant au charbon

A

coal power station

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49
Q

éteindre un incendie grave

A

extinguish the blaze

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50
Q

éteindre des mégots encore allumés

A

to put out still burning cigarettes ends

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51
Q

un extincteur

A

an extinguisher

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52
Q

défricher des hectares de broussailles

A

to clear hectares of undergrowth/scrub

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53
Q

bombardier d’eau/Canadair

A

water tank/water bomber

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54
Q

agent chargé de la détection des incendies

A

a firewarden

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55
Q

une cigarette mal éteinte

A

a cigarette not properly put out

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56
Q

un site d’enfouissement (des déchets dangereux)

A

a landfill site

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57
Q

une décharge de déchets toxiques

A

a toxic waste dump

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58
Q

épuisement des sols

A

soil depletion

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59
Q

l’argile peut contribuer à des glissements de terrains

A

clay may facilitate landslides

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60
Q

dépôt de tartre/calcaire

A

scale, scaling

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61
Q

cultiver une terre arable

A

cultivate/till arable land

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62
Q

récupérer/revaloriser/mettre des terres en valeur

A

reclaim land

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63
Q

terre de surface, couche arable, facile à cultiver

A

topsoil

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64
Q

terreau, humus

A

mould

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65
Q

une terre meuble

A

loose earth

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66
Q

greffe, greffer

A

graft

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67
Q

écoulement souterrain

A

ground water run off

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68
Q

une faille (dans la croûte terrestre)

A

a fault

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69
Q

un cratère

A

a crater

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70
Q

les scories

A

scoriae

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71
Q

la cendre

A

cinder

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72
Q

la lave

une coulée de lave

A

lava

a lava flow

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73
Q

les plaques tectoniques

A

tectonic plates

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74
Q

se fendre

A

to crack

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75
Q

glissement de terrains

A

earth flow

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76
Q

l’érosion des sols

A

soil erosion

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77
Q

des avions interdits de vols/cloués au sol en raison de nuages toxiques et de cendre

A

planes grounded by toxic cloud and ashes

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78
Q

une fuite, un écoulement

A

a leak

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79
Q

une culture (céréalière)

A

crop farming

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80
Q

l’assolement

A

the crop rotation

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81
Q

la jachère

A

the fallow land

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82
Q

des déchets radioactifs

retombées radiactives

A 
radioactive wash
radioactive fallout (sg.)
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83
Q

un nuage toxique

A

a poison cloud

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84
Q

réduire l’activité des centrales nucléaires

A

to run down the nuclear energy plants

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85
Q

déchets nucléaires

déchets radioactifs

A 
nuclear waste(s)
atomic waste(s)
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86
Q

le bilan énergétique

A

the energy balance

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87
Q

l’équilibre écologique

A

the balance of nature

88
Q

interdiction des essais nucléaires

A

nuclear test ban

89
Q

l’arme nucléaire

A

nuke

90
Q

un surgénérateur

A

a breeder reactor

91
Q

centrale électrique

A

generating/power plant

92
Q

le coeur (d’un réacteur)

A

the core

93
Q

fusion d’un coeur de réacteur

A

nuclear meltdown

94
Q

mine de charbon épuisée

A

worked out coal mine

95
Q

réduire le taux d’émission de CO2

A

cutback on CO2 emission

96
Q

épuiser les ressources naturelles

A

exhaust natural resources

97
Q

bac de recyclage

A

recycling bin

98
Q

énergie renouvelable

A

renewable energy

99
Q

combustile fossile

A

fossil fuel

100
Q

utilisation modérée des ressources naturelles peu abondantes

A

husbanding scarce natural resources

101
Q

la voiture électrique

A

the power-driven car

102
Q

oiseaux mazoutés/imprégnés de mazout

A

oiled birds or oil-soaked birds

103
Q

plages recouvertes de mazout

A

oiled beaches

104
Q

réduire les déperditions de chaleur par une isolation appropriée (des toits et des fenêtres)

A

to cut down loss of heat by properly insulating your house

105
Q

la fermeture d’une mine

A

a pit closure

106
Q

un coup de grisou

A

a fire-damp explosion

107
Q

une mine épuisée

A

a worked-out mine

108
Q

un terril, un crassier

A

a slag heap, a tip

109
Q

une usine à gaz

A

a gasworks

110
Q

la tourbe

A

peat

111
Q

un groupe électrogène

A

a generator

112
Q

insonorisation

A

Sound insulation

113
Q

l’amiante

A

asbestos

114
Q

asbestose (maladie)

A

asbestosis

115
Q

intoxication, empoisonnement au plomb, saturnisme

A

lead poisoning

116
Q

sans plomb

A

lead-free / unleaded

117
Q

mercurialisme / hydragyre / intoxication au mercure

A

mercury poisoning

118
Q

dangereux pour la santé

A

hazardous to health

119
Q

l’eau stagnante pose un danger pour la santé

A

stagnant water poses a health hazard

120
Q

un danger pour la santé

A

a health hazard

121
Q

nuisance sonore

A

noise nuisance

122
Q

niveau sonore

A

noise level

123
Q

déraciner (un arbre)

A

to uproot

124
Q

les couches arables ont été emportées par les vents violents

A

the topsoil was blown away by the strong wind

125
Q

se calmer (le vent)

A

to blow over

126
Q

(le vent) se lever, reprendre, tomber, se calmer (wind)

A

to rise, pick up, drop, die down

127
Q

brise marine

A

sea breeze

128
Q

un ouragan

A

a hurricane

129
Q

un typhon

A

a typhon

130
Q

tornade

A

tornado / twister

131
Q

tournoyer

A

to whirl / swirl

132
Q

l’énergie éolienne

A

the wind power

133
Q

une éolienne

A

a wind turbine

134
Q

ordures ménagères

A

household refuge / garbage

135
Q

décharge

A

dump

136
Q

décharge interdite

A

no dumping

137
Q

papiers gras, etc. dans la rue

A

litter

138
Q

poubelle de rue

A

litter bin

139
Q

champ d’épandage (eaux usées)

A

sewage farm

140
Q

casse / dépôt de ferraille

A

scrapyard / junkyard / breaker’s yard

141
Q

un collecteur de verre

A

a bottle bank

142
Q

se débarrasser de quelque chose

A

to dispose of something

143
Q

le ruissellement des nitrates

A

nitrate runoff

144
Q

le ramassage des ordures

A

the garbage collection

145
Q

la collecte de déchets encombrants

A

collection of bulky waste

146
Q

sans plomb

A

lead-free / unleaded

147
Q

drought caused by intensive tilling of the soil

A

drought caused by intensive tilling of the soil

148
Q

(se) désertifier / transformer en désert

A

to desertify / turn into a desert

149
Q

déforestation due à l’abattage des arbres

A

deforestation due to the felling of trees

150
Q

défricher les sous-bois, débroussailler

A

to clear the undergrowth

151
Q

ils défrichent la forêt tropicale à un rythme effréné

A

they are clearing the rainforest at an excessive rate

152
Q

déblaiement

A

clearance

153
Q

bois de chauffage / de chauffe

A

wood fuel

154
Q

faire la chasse à l’éléphant

A

hunt elephants

155
Q

les défenses d’éléphant

A

elephant tusks

156
Q

there is a ban on the ivory trade

A

there is a ban on the ivory tradethere is a ban on the ivory trade

157
Q

la pêche intensive

A

intensive fishing

158
Q

pisciculture

A

fish farming

159
Q

la pêche au thon rouge est interdite

A

there is a ban on red tuna fishing

160
Q

épuisement / diminution des réserves de poisson

A

depletion of fish stocks

161
Q

barrage flottant

A

floating barrier

162
Q

nappe de pétrole, marée noire

A

oil slick

163
Q

nappe de mazout

A

oil spill / spillage

164
Q

pétrolier

A

oil tanker

165
Q

plateforme pétrolière

A

oil platform / rig

166
Q

schiste bitumineux

A

oil shale

167
Q

dégazer

A

to release oil

168
Q

laisser fuir du pétrole / de l’essence

A

to leak oil / gas

169
Q

fuite de pétrole / d’essence

A

oil / gas leak

170
Q

épuisement / diminution des ressources pétrolières

A

oil depletion

171
Q

Comment réduire les risques de l’exploitation en eau profonde?

A

How to reduce the hazards of deep water oil-rigging?

172
Q

imposer un strict contrôle des concessions accordées par les autorités d”un pays

A

To impose strict control of exploitation concessions granted by national authorities

173
Q

évaluer les risques des plateformes de production

A

assess risks from production rigs

174
Q

surexploiter les ressources de la mer

A

overexploit the sea

175
Q

mettre en oeuvre des plans d’intervention d’urgence

A

to implement / carry out plans of emergency measures

176
Q

La zone méditerranéenne est une zone vulnérable en raison de fréquentes secousses sismiques

A

the Mediterranean is a vulnerable zone beause of its seismic activity

177
Q

le pétrole brut

A

crude oil

178
Q

un camion citerne

A

a tanker lorry / tank truck

179
Q

trouver du pétrole

A

to strike oil

180
Q

forer à la recherche de pétrole

A

to drill for oil

181
Q

le kérosène

A

kerosene / jet fuel

182
Q

biocarburant

A

biofuel

183
Q

Ils proviennent de cultures vivrières (comme le sucre de canne, le maïs et l’huile de palme) et peuvent produire de l’éthanol et des biodiesels.

A

They are made from food crops (like sugar cane, corn and palm oil) and can produce ethanol and biodiesels

184
Q

Les biocarburants de la seconde génération obtenus à partir de matières premières non-alimentaires (comme des copeaux de bois et de la cellulose) pourraient réduire le CO2 de 90%.

A

Second generation biofuels made from nonfood feedstocks (like woodchip and cellulose) could reduce CO2 by 90%

185
Q

OPEP – Organisation des Pays Exportateurs de Pétrole

A

OPEC – Organisation of Petroleum Exporting Countries

186
Q

fixer les quotas de production

A

to set production quotas

187
Q

le pétrole

A

oil, petroleum

188
Q

un puits

A

a well

189
Q

un gisement pétrolifère

A

an oilfield

190
Q

le gaz naturel

A

natural gas

191
Q

forer

A

to drill, to bore

192
Q

une raffinerie

A

a refinery

193
Q

un oléoduc, un pipe-line

A

a pipeline

194
Q

un pétrolier

A

a tanker

195
Q

l’essence

A

petrol, gas(oline)

196
Q

les sous-produits

A

by-products

197
Q

pétrochimiques

A

petrochemical industries

198
Q

une plate-forme

A

an oil(-drilling) ring

199
Q

des zones “offshore”, en haute mer

A

offshore areas

200
Q

générateur photovoltaïque

A

solar array

201
Q

les ressources énergétiques solaires

A

solar energy availability

202
Q

L’ozone stratosphérique protège la terre des rayonnements solaires ultraviolets

A

ozone in the stratosphere shields the earth from solar ultraviolet radiation

203
Q

bilan thermique

A

heat balance

204
Q

source de froid

A

heat sink

205
Q

le réchauffement de la planète / planétaire

A

global warming

206
Q

Le recyclage réduit la nécessité d’utiliser les déchetteries

A

recycling reduces the need for waste dumps

207
Q

pourparlers, négociations

A

talks

208
Q

respecter, se conformer le Protocole de Kyoto

A

to respect / abide by the Kyoto protocol

209
Q

le développement durable

A

sustainable development

210
Q

une vague de chaleur extrême / canicule

A

a spell of excessive heat / a heatwave

211
Q

exploiter, maîtriser l’énergie solaire

A

to harness the power of the sun

212
Q

Des fortes pluies ont eu raison de la sécheresse

A

heavy rainfalls have broken the drought

213
Q

La région a souffert de sécheresse grave

A

the region was affected / hit by severe drought

214
Q

En période de sécheresse, lacs et rivières s’assèchent complètement

A

in times of drought lakes and rivers run dry / dry up

215
Q

Si on laisse la terre s’assécher complètement, les arbres risquent de dépérir

A

if the soil is allowed to dry out, the trees could die

216
Q

Cette source a la réputation de ne jamais être à sec / s’assécher

A

the fountain is reputed never to dry up

English L2 (10 decks)

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