Chap 6: Section 3 Flashcards
John Marshall
Chief Justice of the United States who helped to implement judicial review
Judicial review
The power to decide if laws were constitutional and strike down those that weren’t
Louisiana Purchase
The purchase of Louisiana land by Jefferson from the French in 1803
Who replaced Adams in office?
Thomas Jefferson
What did the Judicial Act of 1801 do?
Created 16 new federal judges (of which Adams appointed all federalists)
Midnight judges
A judge who was appointed at basically the last possible time (‘midnight’)
What was one of the first acts of Congress that Jefferson enacted(?) after he was elected?
He repealed the Judiciary Act of 1801 and abolished the offices of the midnight judges.
Was Jefferson a Federalist or a Republican?
Republican
What did the Republicans believe they should be able to do according to “one of the checks and balances of the Constitution”?
Impeach or remove judges for unfair decisions
What judge was impeached in 1804?
Samuel Chase. People didn’t think it was fair because he hadn’t committed any criminal behavior.
How many hears was Marshall Chief Justice?
34
What case caused judicial review to be implemented and changed the Supreme Court forever?
Marbury v. Madison
What happened to cause Marbury v. Madison?
James Madison had refused to deliver documents (that would appoint Marbury) he was supposed to when Adams was in office. William Marbury wanted him to do it although Jefferson told Mad to hold off.
What was one of Jefferson’s strongest beliefs?
Most people should own land
Why was Jefferson nervous about the French being in NoAm?
He didn’t want the US to be forced into a British alliance (he hated british)
In addition to the Louisiana territory the U.S…
…agreed to take on debt owed by the French to American citizens
Who funded the Lewis and Clark expedition (Corps of Discovery), when was it, and what was the goal?
T. Jeff; May 1804; to trace the Mississippi River and find a route to the Pacific
The Pike Expedition
Zebulon Pike mapping and finding stuff
Who did the Louisiana Purchase alarm?
N.E. Federalists
What did the LouPur mean for N.E. Federalists?
Their region would eventually lose its influence and the South and West would gain more power and strength
Orders in Council
Declared that all ships going to Europe needed license and would be searched
What did Napoleon do, opposing the Orders in Council?
He said whoever followed it would have their goods confiscated once reaching Europe
Impressment
Legal kidnapping to force people into the military
Embargo
Government ban on trade with other countries
Embargo Act of 1807
Stopped trade between Europe and the U.S.; passed by T. Jeff
When did Congress repeal the Embargo Act of 1807?
1809
