Chap 4: Section 1 Flashcards
Why did the French like the Ohio river valley?
They could travel easily from New France to Louisiana.
Marquis Duquesne
New France’s governor
Robert Dinwiddle
Governor of Virginia
The Albany Conference
A meeting between the natives and colonists. Representatives from 7 colonies meet with 150 Iroquois leaders in June 1754
Albany Plan of Union
A plan that wanted the colonies to come together and form a federal gov’t
Did the colonies accept the Albany Place of Union?
No, but they thought about joining together to protect one another
Fort Duquesne
Started as a British fort, stolen by New France and named after their governor
Fort Necessity
Fort made by Washington, acted as a stockade
General Edward Braddock
British commander in chief who tried to invade Fort Duquesne but was attacked and killed by French allies
William Pitt
British prime minister who sent a lot of Britain’s troops to NoAm and India to attack the French
Why did the French burn down Fort Duquesne?
They realized they were outnumbered so they retreated after burning the fort down. Fort Pitt was built here
British victory in Quebec
Turning point in NoAm
When did the Spanish enter the war and whose side were they on?
1761, French
What ended the 7 years’ war?
The Treaty of Paris
What did the Treaty of Paris do exactly?
French power in North America was eliminated and New France became part of the British Empire, as did all of Louisiana east of the Mississippi except for New Orleans
Britain is deeply in…
…debt!
Royal Proclamation of 1763
This proclamation drew a line blocking the Appalachian Mountains saying colonists needed Britain’s permission before settling west of the line
Customs duties
Taxes on imports and exports
Causes of Tensions with Britain
Sugar Act (1764), Stamp Act (1765), Townshend Acts (1767), Tea Act (1773), and Coercive Acts (1774)
Effects of Tensions with Britain
-Colonists protest that their rights have
been violated.
-Stamp Act
Congress.
-Boycott of British goods.
-Sons and Daughters of Liberty
formed.
-Boston Tea Party
-Twelve colonies attend the
Continental Congress
Why were merchants upset about the Sugar Act?
They believed it hurt trade
Who complained about the Sugar Act and said that “they could not be taxed
for the purpose of raising money.”?
James Otis
“No taxation without
representation.”
Said by James Otis
John Hancock
He was arrested for smuggling and made lots of money through trade
John Adams
Represented John Hancock when he was arrested
Inflation
The rise of costs for goods (when money loses its value over time)
The Currency Act of 1764
Banned the use of paper money in the colonies as it lost its value quickly
Why did colonial artisans and farmers like paper money?
It lost its value quickly meaning that loans were easier to pay back because they could use paper money
The Sugar Act wasn’t enough to raise all of the funds to fix Britain’s debt problem. ___ _____ ___ was established.
The Stamp Act (1765)
The Stamp Act required stamps to be placed on…
Most printed materials. More in-depth: newspapers, pamphlets, posters, wills, mortgages, deeds, licenses, and even diplomas, dice, and playing cards.
The Quartering Act
Forced the colonies to pay more to be safer/ for their own defense.
Note: Not question (About Quartering Act)
If the colonies did not provide barracks for
British troops, the act stated that troops could stay in taverns, inns, vacant buildings, and barns, and the colonies had to pay the rent.
HoB passed a series of resolutions saying…
…Virginians should have the same rights that the British have. Many people agree
Sons of Liberty
An organization somewhat feared by the stamp distributors
Stamp Act Congress
Group of reps from 9 colonies.
Declaration of Rights and Grievances
Stated that only the colonists’ political reps could tax them (not Parliament)
After the Stamp Act began…
…colonists began boycotting British goods
Nonimportation agreement
A pledge to stop buying British goods until the Stamp Act is repealed
When was the Stamp Act repealed?
1766
Declaratory Act
Said that Parliament had the power to make laws for the colonies
Townshend Acts
Created by Charles Townshend. A series of regulations and taxes est 1767
Revenue Act of 1767
Taxes on materials. One of the Townshend Acts. Put new customs duties on many resources
Writs of assistance
Search warrants for customs officers to be able to look for smuggling evidence
John Dickinson
Author of Letters from a PA Farmer. Believed that only assemblies elected by the people had the right to tax them
Sam Adams
Cousin of John Adams, played a big role in the resistance against Britain. Helped to draft a ‘circular letter’
Virginia Resolves
May 1769, HoB passed rule saying only the HoB had the right to tax Virginians
Boston Massacre
Shooting in Boston, British soldiers were being mocked and taunted by colonists to they decided to shoot into a crowd and started the Boston Massacre
Temporary stability throughout colonies thanks to…
…Townshend Acts being repealed. Still taxed tea
