Chap 4: Test Flashcards
Common Sense
A pamphlet written by Thomas Paine. He wanted independence from Britain and the establishment of a democratic republic.
Sugar Act
One of the many Acts implemented by Britain, put taxes on molasses and sugar products as a whole
William Howe
British Commander-in-chief during the American Rev. Took over for Gage after Bunker Hill.
Benedict Arnold
American traitor, helped in Fort Ticonderoga with cannons
Marquis de Lafayette
French soldier who was a help in the American Rev.
Continental Army
The army of the 13 colonies that was established during the second Continental Congress
Bunker Hill
A place where a battle was held (ended in a stalemate). Howe replaces General Gage, British took many casualties
Boston Tea Party
The dumping of British tea into the ocean (December 1773)
Nonimportation agreement
A pledge to stop buying British goods until the Stamp Act is repealed
Boston Massacre
Shooting in Boston, British soldiers were being mocked and taunted by colonists to they decided to shoot into a crowd and started the Boston Massacre
Intolerable Acts
Coercive Acts and the Quebec Act
French and Indian War
7 years war, turning point, ended with the Treaty of Paris
Albany Plan of Union
A plan that wanted the colonies to come together and form a federal gov’t
Battle of Saratoga
A turning point, American victory brings morale up
Continental Congress
The colonies coming together to discuss common issues (e.g. the British). The first one was held in 1774 in Philly. The second would meet in May 1775 where they implemented the Continental Army.
Stamp Act
Stamps put on most printed materials
Quartering Act
Forced the colonies to pay more to be safer/ for their own defense. If the colonies did not provide barracks for British troops, the act stated that troops could stay in taverns, inns, vacant buildings, and barns, and the colonies had to pay the rent.
Tea Act
British implemented Act that put taxes on tea. The British needed money because they were deeply in debt
Declaratory Act
Declared that Parliament had the power to make laws for the colonies
Townshend Acts
Created by Charles Townshend. A series of regulations and taxes est. 1767
Revenue Act
Taxes on materials. One of the Townshend Acts. Put new customs duties on many resources
Writs of assistance
Search warrants for customs officers to be able to look for smuggling evidence
Customs duties
Taxes on imports and exports
French and Indian War
7 years war, a turning point, ended with the Treaty of Paris
Coercive Acts
Laws that wanted to punish MA and end colonial challenges (stopping the colonies from being difficult?). Violated several traditional English rights.
The Gaspee
Customs ship sent to patrol NoAm, burned by colonists during The Gaspee Affair (often searched ships without authorization)
Quebec Act
Stated that a governor and council appointed by the king would run Quebec. This Act also gave more territory to Quebec
First Coercive Act
Boston’s port was shut down until the tea that was dumped was paid for
Second Coercive Act
All council members, judges, and sheriffs in MA must be appointed by the governor. Many town meetings were banned with this Act
Third Coercive Act
Protected British soldiers on trial by moving their cases to England from NoAm
Fourth Coercive Act
Local officials must provide lodging for British soldiers
Declaration of Rights and Grievances
Said that colonists should have the same rights as the British
Battle of King’s Mountain
Battle that gave the colonists hope they wouldn’t lose the south to the British
Guerilla Warfare
A type of warfare that includes groups of people sabotaging, ambushing, raids, hit-and-run, and petty tactics
Nathan Hale
American soldier and spy that was caught and hung
Valley Forge
A tough battle that was rough because of the weather, living conditions, lack of food, illness, and more
Battle of Trenton
December 25th, 1776, colonists attack Hessians at Trenton
Howe didn’t follow the plan instead he…
…attacked from the South
Who was secretly sending arms and supplies to the colonists?
Spain and France
The first treaty the US signed…
…France recognized the USA as an independent nation
The second treaty the US signed…
…The French and American alliance
When did Britain capture Savannah Georgia?
1778
Battles of Lexington and Concord
“Shots heard around the world”, inspires other Revs around the world
Minutemen
Soldiers that were ready in a minutes notice
Loyalist
American that supported the British
Patriot
American that was against Britain’s actions
Declaration of Independence
A writing signed by colonist men declaring the USA’s independence from Britain (signed 1776)
The Currency Act of 1764
Banned the use of paper money in the colonies as it lost its value quickly
Virginia Statute for Religious Freedom
A declaration that VA has no official church and you can’t collect taxes for the church
Molly Pitcher (Mary Hays)
American woman who helped during the war with water for the soldiers and cannons
