Chap 4: Section 3

Question 1

William Howe

Answer 1

British Commander-in-Chief/General during the American Rev

Question 2

Guerilla warfare

Answer 2

A type of warfare that includes groups of people sabotaging, ambushing, raids, hit-and-run, and petty tactics

Question 3

Nathan Hale

Answer 3

American soldier and spy during the American Rev. He was caught spying and was hung

Question 4

Valley Forge

Answer 4

A tough battle that was rough because of weather, living conditions, lack of food, illness, and more

Question 5

Marquis de Lafayette

Answer 5

French soldier who was a help in the American Rev.

Question 6

Saratoga

Answer 6

A battle that was a turning point, American victory that brought morale up

Question 7

Letters of marque

Answer 7

Written authorization for a person to attack and capture vessels of a nation during war

Question 8

John Paul Jones

Answer 8

The United States’ first well-known naval commander in the American Rev

Question 9

Charles Cornwallis

Answer 9

British solider

Question 10

Battle of Kings Mountain

Answer 10

A battle that gave colonists hope that they wouldn’t lose the south, colonists win

Question 11

Did the British expect the rebellion to last long?

Answer 11

No

Question 12

Robert Morris

Answer 12

A wealthy PA merchant and banker who promised a lot of money towards the war

Question 13

What are some advantages for the colonists?

Answer 13

Fighting on home ground, generals make good decisions, fighting for their rights and freedom, and French allies.

Question 14

What are some advantages for the British?

Answer 14

Well trained militia, many resources, and strong gov’t

Question 15

What are some disadvantages for the colonists?

Answer 15

Untrained and small army, food and ammunition shortages, and weak and divided gov’t

Question 16

What are some disadvantages for the British?

Answer 16

Fighting in unfamiliar territory, far from Britain and resources, and indifferent troops (half-hearted support from home)

Question 17

The British were not united at home…

Answer 17

…Many citizens (members of Parliament and merchants) were against the war.

Question 18

The US didn’t really have to win…

Answer 18

…they had to wait until the British were tired of paying for the war.

Question 19

What were the two parts of Howe’s strategy?

Answer 19

Military (he began a massive build-up in NY) and diplomacy (trying to make a compromise with colonists)

Question 20

What happened in The Battle of White Plains?

Answer 20

Washington was forced to retreat by the British

Question 21

Battle of Trenton

Answer 21

December 25th, 1776, colonists attack Hessians at Trenton

Question 22

What did Howe believe about capturing Philadelphia and the Continental Congress?

Answer 22

He believed it would cripple the revolution

Question 23

Howe’s operation was a _____ success and a _____ failure

Answer 23

Military; political

Question 24

Howe’s plan:

Answer 24

He loaded about 13,000 men onto ships and
moved them to Maryland. From there he attacked Philadelphia from the south

Question 25

Howe defeated Washington but…

Answer 25

…to Howe’s frustration, the Continental Congress got away

Question 26

Howe failed to destroy the Continental Army, which soon…

Answer 26

…took up winter quarters at Valley Forge

Question 27

What was the American victory at Saratoga considered?

Answer 27

A turning point

Question 28

Who was secretly sending arms and supplies to the US?

Answer 28

Spain and France

Question 29

When did the USA sign its first two treaties?

Answer 29

February 6, 1778

Question 30

The First treaty

Answer 30

France recognized the USA as an independent nation

Question 31

The Second treaty

Answer 31

The French and American alliance

Question 32

Who was at war by June 1778?

Answer 32

France and Britain (in 1779, Spain joined the war, ally of France, not USA)

Question 33

What ship did John Paul Jones command?

Answer 33

Bonhomme Richard (JPJ attacked British ships and the British surrendered after a crazy fight with him!)

Question 34

After the Saratoga British defeat…

Answer 34

…General Howe resigned and was replaced by SIr Henry Clinton

Question 35

In 1778, British troops captured…

Answer 35

…Savannah, Georgia

Question 36

Charles Cornwallis was left in command after…

Answer 36

…Clinton returned to NY

Question 37

What was the greatest American defeat of the war?

Answer 37

The capturing of Savannah Georgia

Question 38

Who led an attack that captured key British defenses?

Answer 38

Alexander Hamilton