Chap 2: Section 2 Flashcards
John Cabot
Italian Navigator who found the mainland of North America
Puritans
Protestants in the 1600s who wanted to reform the Catholic Church
Joint-stock company
A company made up of a group of shareholders. Contributes money, gets some profit
Privateer
Armed, private ship designed to attack merchant ships
Walter Raleigh
Founder of England’s first American colony, Roanoke
Powhatan Confederacy
Group of Native Americans who traded with John Smith
Burgesses
Virginia’s representatives
Headright
50-acres of land given to colonists who paid their own way
Proprietary Colony
A colony run by a proprietor chosen by a king
Martin Frobisher
English explorer who searched for the Northwest passage
Why were the English newly interested in America?
Because of their feud with Spain
What can English merchants now afford?
They can now afford to colonize and trade with other parts of the world using gov’t financing
Who spoke up against the Catholic church?
Martin Luther and John Calvin
The House of Burgesses consisted of
2 delegates from each VA settlement, the governor, and the governors 6 councilors
When was the House of Burgesses formed?
July 30th, 1619
What are three things HoB passed laws about?
Drunkenness, swearing, and mandatory church attendance
What did John Calvin believe?
He believed that neither kings nor bishops should control the church
Why did the Puritans come to America?
They were upset about the church
Beginning of 1500s:
Nobels rent land to tenant farmers
During the 1500s:
Nobels can make higher profits in the wool market
Result of 1500s:
Many poor, unemployed beggars-> go to America
Humphrey Gilbert
Led/Promoted England’s first colonization attempt. The effort died after he passed away in 1583
Roanoke
Est. 1587, founded by Walter Raleigh, led by John White, called Lost Colony. Everyone dissapeared
Virginia Company
The first joint-stock company in the colonies, founded Jamestown, Indian to Christianity
Jamestown
The first permanent English settlement in North America
John Smith
Helped found and govern Jamestown. His leadership and strict discipline helped the Virginia colony get through the difficult first winter.
John Rolfe
He was one of the English settlers at Jamestown (and he married Pocahontas). He discovered how to successfully grow tobacco in Virginia and cure it for export, which made Virginia an economically successful colony.
Pocahontas
A native Indian of America, daughter of Chief Powhatan, who was one of the first to marry an Englishman, John Rolfe, and return to England with him; about 1595-1617; Pocahontas’ brave actions in saving an Englishman paved the way for many positive English and Native relations.
Thomas West (Lord De La Warr)
Governor of Virginia who stopped the Jamestown settlers from giving up their colony
Starving Time
Winter of 1609-1610, 60/400 colonists survived, the rest died due to starvation
What did the colonists of Jamestown eat?
Rats, toadstools, snakes, dogs, and horsehides
Thomas Dale
Englishman who brought discipline to Jamestown, De La Warr’s deputy
What did colonists have to give to get 3 acres of land?
1-month work to the colony and 2.5 barrels of corn
What saved Jamestown?
Tabacco (cash crop)
Edwin Sandys
Founding shareholder and treasurer for the Virginia Company. Led reforms including establishing the House of Burgesses and headright
Headright system
Incentives: 50 acres given to colonists who brought indentured servants to America
Royal Colony
A colony under the direct control of a monarch
What happened during the attack on Jamestown?
The Natives attack the settlers in 1622 to try to stop colonization. This backfires and more people settle, they attack the Natives and steal their food
George Calvert (Lord Baltimore)
He founded Maryland to act as a catholic haven and to get a profit
England’s first proprietary colony
Maryland
Proprietor
Owner of a proprietary colony, chosen by a monarch
Proprietary Colony
A colony owned and ruled by one person who was chosen by a monarch
