Chap 5 Key Terms 3

Question 1

electromagnetic field

Answer 1

Force field comprising electric and magnetic elements associated with electric charge in motion

Question 2

electromotive force

Answer 2

voltage

Question 3

FAC-003

Answer 3

Transmission Vegetation Management reliability standard for vegetation management along transmission lines, released by the North American Reliability Corporation (NERC)

Question 4

fault

Answer 4

unintentional and undesirable conducting path or blockage of current In an electrical system

Question 5

ground wire

Answer 5

Common return path for an electrical circuit or physical connection to the earth

Question 6

hertz (Hz)

Answer 6

In electric generation, the number of cycles, or revolutions of spinning generation magnets, per second. Alternating current periodically varies in amplitude in conjunction with spinning generation magnets, intensifying from 0 to a maximum value in a positive direction back to 0 and minimum value in the negative direction before returning to 0. The changing intensity and direction of alternating current is graphed in a sine wave. The time it takes for a magnet to complete a revolution is a cycle.

Question 7

ohm (Ω)

Answer 7

Measure of electrical resistance consisting of one volt flowing at one amp

Question 8

operation

Answer 8

In an electric transmission or distribution system, the activation of a protective device

Question 9

outage

Answer 9

Interruption of the electric supply

Question 10

overcurrent

Answer 10

amperages in a conductor that is larger than those for which it is rated

Question 11

phase (Ø)

Answer 11

In an electric utility system, a single primary energized conductor affixed to a pole or cross arm. Technically, phase refers to the synchronized movement of electrical energy and pertains to common designs of electric supply lines, such as single phase (one primary conductor), 2 phase (2 primary conductors), or 3 phase (3 primary conductors).

Question 12

primary voltage

Answer 12

In an electric distribution system, electrical potential above a designated level, generally upstream of transformers

Question 13

resistance

Answer 13

The ratio of voltage to current, measured in Ohms. resistance is analogous to friction or drag.

Question 14

secondary voltage

Answer 14

Voltage leaving the transformer in the intended direction. On distribution systems in North America, secondary voltage is 120 to 240 volts.

Question 15

triplex

Answer 15

Secondary wire, which has 2 insulated conductors and a neutral wire, wrapped around a supportive cable. In North America, a single conductor typically carries 120V and the two together total 240V.

Question 16

turns ratio

Answer 16

ratio between the two wire coils in a transform; identical to voltage ratio.

Question 17

volt (V)

Answer 17

Measure of electrical force or pressure, also called electromotive force. Volts are analogous to pounds per square inch or kilopascals in a hydraulic system.

Question 18

voltage gradient

Answer 18

Electrical Potential over a specified distance. In the context of a tree-caused electrical faults, it is determined by the voltage and spacing of the lines, as well as stem diameter and species of tree. Greater branch diameter and closer phase spacing create higher gradients. The higher the gradient, the more likely a tree is to cause a fault.

Question 19

voltage ratio

Answer 19

The proportion of primary to secondary voltage of a transformer. It is identical to the turns ratio such that if the primary winding has ten times the number of turns as the secondary coil the turns ratio is 10 to 1; the voltage will be stepped down by a factor of ten

Question 20

voltage regulator

Answer 20

Electrical device that functions like an adjustable transformer, capable of either increasing or decreasing the circuit voltage

Question 21

watt (W)

Answer 21

a measure of electric power; one app flowing at onr volt. Calculated by multiplying volts and apps.