Chap 5: Bone (clinical aspect) (exam 2)

Question 1

Somatotropin influences what

Answer 1

Bone growth

Question 2

Somatotropin increases the numbers of what cells?

Answer 2

osteoblasts and fibroblasts

Question 3

If somatotropin is low, what happens to bone density

Answer 3

it will be low

Question 4

What is scurvy caused by?

Answer 4

a vit. C deficiency

Question 5

Scurvy affects what?

Answer 5

Collagen I fibers

Question 6

Scurvy reduces what?

Answer 6

bony matrix and bone development

Question 7

Scurvy delays what process

Answer 7

bone healing

Question 8

Rickets is caused by what?

Answer 8

a vitamin D deficiency

Question 9

Osteomalacia is caused by what?

Answer 9

a prolonged vitamin D deficiency in adults

Question 10

in Osteomalacia newly formed bone doesn’t what?

Answer 10

does not ossify properly which forms weak bones

Question 11

Osteoporosis primarily effects what cells?

Answer 11

osteoblasts and osteoclasts

Question 12

what are three signs of osteoporosis?

Answer 12

1. curvature of the spine
2. severe back pain
3. decreases in height

Question 13

what are the two types of osteoporosis

Answer 13

1. postmenopausal

2. age-related

Question 14

Postmenopausal osteoporosis effects women over what age?

Answer 14

50

Question 15

Postmenopausal osteoporosis is caused by what?

Answer 15

decreased estrogen levels

Question 16

Does age-related osteoporosis affect women or men more frequently?

Answer 16

affects the both of them

Question 17

Age-related osteoporosis is due to low levels of what?

Answer 17

Somatotropin (HGH)

Question 18

estrogen reduces the life span of what cell while increases the lifespan of what cell?

Answer 18

Decreases osteoclast lifespan

increases osteoblast lifespan

Question 19

estrogen stimulates osteoblasts to secrete what?

Answer 19

osteoid

Question 20

estrogen slows bone what?

Answer 20

bone remodeling

Question 21

If there is decreased estrogen, what is believed?

Answer 21

osteoclasts dig deeper resorption cavities that osteoblasts can’t fill

Question 22

Estrogen replacement protected women from fracture but this is eliminated in women who do what?

Answer 22

smoke

Question 23

Smokers have less effective absorption of what?

Answer 23

calcium

Question 24

Smokers tend to have an earlier what than nonsmokers?

Answer 24

earlier menopause

Question 25

The relationship between smoking and osteoporosis is very clear. T/F

Answer 25

False it is unclear

Question 26

what are some factors leading to osteoporosis?

Answer 26

long use of glucocorticoids
antacid use w/Al
high protein diet
excessive thyroid use
anticonvulsant

Question 27

what are three steps to prevent Osteoporosis

Answer 27

1. Balanced diet
2. weight bearing exercise
3. healthy life choices