Chap. 34 (3)

Question 1

paleoanthropology

Answer 1

The study of human origins

Question 2

Hominins

Answer 2

are extinct species that are more closely related to humans
than to chimpanzees

Question 3

Australopiths

Answer 3

are a paraphyletic assemblage of hominins living between 4
and 2 million years ago

Question 4

Hominins began to walk long distances on two legs about

Answer 4

• 1.9 million years ago

Question 5

The oldest evidence of tool use, cut marks on animal bones, is ____ years old

Answer 5

2.5 million years old

Question 6

The earliest fossils placed in our genus Homo are those of Homo habilis, ranging in age from about _____ million years

Answer 6

2.4 to 1.6 million years

Question 7

Homo ergaster

Answer 7

• was the first fully bipedal, large-brained hominid
• The species existed between 1.9 and 1.5 million years ago
• Homo ergaster shows a significant decrease in sexual dimorphism (a size difference between sexes) compared with its ancestors

Question 8

Homo erectus

Answer 8

originated in Africa and was the first hominin to migrate out of Africa

Question 9

Homo neanderthalensis

Answer 9

lived in Europe and the Near East
from 350,000 to between 40,000 and 28,000 years ago
* Neanderthals were thick-boned with a larger brain than modern humans
* They buried their dead, and they made hunting tools

Question 10

Homo floresiensis

Answer 10

In 2004, 18,000-year-old fossils were found in indonesia, and a new small hominin was named:

Question 11

Homo sapiens were the first group to show evidence of

Answer 11

symbolic and sophisticated thought