Changing spaces making places Flashcards
Define space
Location/coordinates/grid reference
Define Place
A space with meaning subjective at an individual or cultural level
How can places be represented
Through informal representation
What subcatigories can be used to define the identity of a place
Socio-economic
Environmental
Political
Cultural
Demography
Built environment
Physical geography
What are political identifications of place
National, regional, local governments
Housing associations
What are socio-economic identifications of place
Employment
Income
Education
Family status
What are cultural identifications of place
Religion
local traditions
local clubs/societies
What are demographic identifications of place
Age of inhabitants
Ethnicity
Gender
Number of inhabitants
What are built identifications of place
Age and style of buildings
Housing density
Road layout
What are physical identifications of place
Altitude
Slope
Rivers
Geology
Define topophilia
Effective bond between people and place or setting, expressed as a strong sense of place - sense of cultural identity
Define place attachment
A person place bond that evolves from specifiable conditions of place and characteristics of people
Define place identity
Attatchment in terms of emotional or symbolic meaning assigned by an individual. Landscape becomes part of a persons identity
Define place dependance
Attatchment based on function to satisfy needs
Define place meaning
Relationship to place based on significance, perpose and value
State Lympstones built environment
Old cottage like buildings (stone + wood)
Winding roads around houses
Historical buildings
Second homes
Denser housing nearer to coast
Not many bars + nightclubs
State Lympstones Demography
Large retired population
Very few working people - (not many employment opportunities)
Number of inhabitants in lympstone
2100
Ethnicity of lympstone
99% white
Population density of lympstone
17 ppl per hectare
State lympstones politics
Limited as east devon
Lack of funding for schools by national government
How many people in lympstone own their own house
66%
% of people with bad health lympstone
4.1%
State lympstones socio-economic status
Limited employment
Leads to internal emigration to exmouth or devon centre - (loss on income + ppl)
MET office moved to exeter (more IT employment)
>1/3 residents senior officials
State Lympstones education levels (socio-economic)
2 primary schools
1 prep school
State Lympstones culture
Old fishing village (societies/clubs)
67% christian
Holiday location
Lympstones religious makeup
67% christian
1% other - less attractive to migrants
State Lympstones physical geography
1.5km of mudflats
15km south of exeter
State Toxteths socio-economic status
Higher % of all benefits than uk average
Loss of emplyment in docks as ships got bigger, dock industry migrated.
High poverty
State Toxteths built environment
Terraced, bricked, modern housing
Workers housing
Straight roads for access to city centre
High density residential areas
State Toxteths physical environment
Fast flowing river mersey - narrow channel used for trade into city
Decreasing air quality
How many people in Toxteth own their own house
24%
% of people in Toxteth with bad health
9.4% (dispite younger)
% of people in Toxteth with no qualifications
27%
Mean age in lympstone
44
mean age toxteth
38
population density of toxteth
88 ppl per hectare
When were the unemployment roits in toxteth
1981
State Toxteths culture
Ethnically diverse
Major muslim festivals
Christian sunday services
Societies such as somali community centre (attracts more migrants)
Cornwall stats
96% white
part of 50 poorest regions in europe
200 ppl unemployed due to closing of 1 tin mine
How has the eden project impacted cornwall
750,000 visitors per year
hires 400 staff
How have Uni developments impacted cornwall
More younger high skilled people
Large scale
How has jamies 15 impacted cornwall
Small scale emplyment
closed resulting in 100 ppl unemployed and a bad image for future investors
What is birmingham currently undergoing
Deindustrialisation from metal bashing jobs in the industrial revolution
How is birmingham research park helping birmingham
Switching to a more knowledge based economy
Provide job opportunities
Unemployment in 1960s - 1982 Birmingham
1% - nearly 20%
Role of government as a player responsible for the regeneration of Birmingham
Expansion of airport
Construction of National Exhibition Centre
International attention, investment
Single regeneration budget to help places access funding for redovelopment
Role of planning and flagship developments for the regeneration of Birmingham
The Council House and the Town Hall referbished (changes built identity of place)
The Bull Ring in 1960s europes first indoor shopping centre
Role of transport as a player responsible for the regeneration of Birmingham
700m investment in New Street railway station w private retailers such as John Lewis, created 1000 jobs
HS2 20 billion will help link Birminghamn to London (high speed rail)
Define Rebranding
The process of development aimed at changing negative perceptions of a place making it a more attractive investment
Define flagship development
Large scale one of property projects
Define legacy development
following international sporting events such as olympics Rio
More types of rebranding strats
+placemakers
Market led, Top-down
Placemakers include community, architects and planners
Impacts of Eden Project
750,000 visitors per year
400 staff employed
Unis in cornwall
50m on upgrading campuses, 15m on colleges, Large scale
Falmouth + Exeter
Reverse brain drain of young pop
jamies 15 cornwall
small scale, employed 100 ppl but left them unemployed, bad image
Cornwall stats
96% white
in 50 poorest regions in europe
North ward residents per household
2
BBL residents per household
2.6
% no formal qualifications BBL
31 (fewer managerial jobs)
% no formal qualifications north ward
3
% below poverty line BBl
77%
% below poverty line NW
16%
Community fridge BBL
Otherwise wasted food offered to residents free
collected by Oxford Food Bank from supermarkets
How has history influenced the current identity of Lympstone
Early settlement in 13 century by fishermen
Larger wealthier homes for people working in Exeter
Define social inequality
The uneqal distribution of factors such as income, education or health services across a population
Define standard of Living
The ability to access services and goods
Define deprivation
A general lack of resources and opportunities leading to a poor quality of life and low standard of living.
Something to remember when talking about deprivation
The cycle of deprivation
Define globalisation
The increasind interconnectedness of the world economically, politically, socially and environmentally
Define Global shift
The relocation of manufacturing on a global scale from ACs to EDCs in the 1980s
(use when talking about birmingham)
Define regeneration
The investment of capital and ideas into an area to revitalise and renew its socio-economic and environmental conditions
Define gentrification
A process of renovating deteriorated urban neighbourhoods by means of the influx of more affluent residents.
3 key elements of rebranding
Brand artifact (infrastructure)
Brand essence (peoples experience)
Brandscape (comparison to other cities)
Has rebranding in cornwall worked
5.8% growth of economy faster than UK avr
Still one of the weakest economies in UK
