Changing Landscapes - physical

Question 1

examples of igneous rocks

Answer 1

granite and basalt

Question 2

examples of metamorphic rocks

Answer 2

slate and schist

Question 3

examples of sedimentary rocks

Answer 3

chalk and clay

Question 4

how are sedimentary rocks formed?

Answer 4

Formed in layers. When rocks are eroded the debris was transported and deposited. The deposited rock builds up in layers called sediments the weight of the sediment causes the layers at the bottom to become compacted, forming sedimentary rocks.

Question 5

how are igneous rocks formed?

Answer 5

When magma cools igneous rocks are formed.

Question 6

What are intrusive igneous rocks? Name a characteristic.

Answer 6

Intrusive igneous rocks are igneous rocks that cool slowly below the Earth’s surface. They have coarser crystals.

Question 7

What are extrusive igneous rocks? Name a characteristic.

Answer 7

Extrusive igneous rocks are igneous rocks that cool quickly above the Earth’s surface. They have finer crystals

Question 8

How are metamorphic rocks formed?

Answer 8

When igneous or sedimentary rocks adept under immense heat or pressure metamorphic rocks are formed.

Question 9

what is a crystal?

Answer 9

a piece of a solid substance having a natural geometrically regular form with symmetrically arranged plane faces

Question 10

what is the composition?

Answer 10

what a material consists of.

Question 11

what are resistant rocks?

Answer 11

strong rocks that can withstand weathering and erosion.

Question 12

what are fossils?

Answer 12

the remnants of prehistoric organisms, such as a fish skeleton or a leaf imprint, which have become imbedded in a rock.

Question 13

what is texture?

Answer 13

the feel and appearance of a material.

Question 14

what is the tees exe line?

Answer 14

the tees exe line divides the highlands and the lowlands of Britain.

Question 15

what are the rocks like in the highlands?

Answer 15

Older and harder.

Question 16

what type of rock is found in the highlands?

Answer 16

Sedimentary rock such as limestone, sandstone and coal. Igneous rock such as granite and metamorphic rock such as slate.

Question 17

where is slate common?

Answer 17

in the South West, Wales, the Lake District and Scotland.

Question 18

what are the rocks like in the lowlands?

Answer 18

Softer sedimentary rock and are easily eroded to form low lying areas such as the London and Hampshire basins.

Question 19

what types of softer sedimentary rocks are found in the lowlands?

Answer 19

chalk, limestone, sandstone and clay

Question 20

what do the harder rocks in the lowlands form?

Answer 20

The harder rocks form the hills and ridges like the Chilterns and Cotswolds

Question 21

where are the highlands?

Answer 21

North and West

Question 22

where are the lowlands?

Answer 22

South and East

Question 23

what is mechanical (physical) weathering?

Answer 23

the physical break up of rocks due to changes in temperature e.g. frost shattering.

Question 24

what is biological weathering?

Answer 24

When the orris of trees got into cracks and joints forcing the rocks apart.

Question 25

what is chemical weathering?

Answer 25

Caused by the action of water. Slightly acidic rainwater erodes rocks as well as decaying plants an animals which produce acids which decay rocks.